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Pharmacology HOSA > Skeletal Muscle, Bone, And Joint Disorder Drugs > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle, Bone, And Joint Disorder Drugs Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Alopecia

A

Abnormal loss of hair, baldness

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2
Q

Autoimmune

A

A response where antibodies are formed against one’s own body

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3
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Fullness or epigastric discomfort

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4
Q

Gout

A

A metabolic disorder resulting in increased levels of uric acid and causing severe joint pain

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5
Q

Musculoskeletal

A

Pertaining to the bones and muscles

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6
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Skeletal disorder characterized by porous bone, making weaker bone strength and greater risk of fracture of a bone

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7
Q

Paget disease

A

Condition where bones grow too large and become weak

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8
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

Inflammatory changes in connective tissue

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9
Q

Skeletal muscle relaxants ex

A

Carisoprodol, baclofen, chlorzoxazone, diazepam, cyclobenzaprine, dantrolene, metaxalone, methocarbamol, orphenadrine, tizanidine

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10
Q

Cyclobenzaprine MOA

A

Has an effect on muscle tone, reducing muscle spasm

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11
Q

Skeletal muscle relaxants uses

A

Various acute painful musculoskeletal conditions (muscle strains and back pain)

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12
Q

Musculoskeletal disorders ex

A

Synovitis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease (DJD), gout, osteoporosis, hypercalcemia of malignancy, paget disease

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13
Q

Skeletal muscle relaxants side effects

A

Drowsiness

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14
Q

Diazepam side effects

A

Drowsiness, sedation, sleepiness, lethargy, constipation, diarrhea, bradycardia or tachycardia, or rash

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15
Q

Baclofen contraindications

A

Skeletal muscle spasm caused by rheumatic disorders

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16
Q

Carsiprodol is contraindicated in

A

Patients with recent myocardial infarction, cardiac conduction disorders, and hyperthyroidism

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17
Q

Cyclobenzaprine contraindications

A

Within 14 days of taking a MAOI,

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18
Q

Oral dantrolene contraindications

A

Lactation, active hepatic disease, muscle spasm caused by rheumatic disorders

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19
Q

Skeletal muscle relaxants precautions

A

Historia of cerebrovascular accident, cerebral palsy, parkinsonism, or seizure disorders, pregnancy (cat C)

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20
Q

Cyclobenzaprine precautions

A

Cardiovascular disease, pregnancy (cat B), lactation

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21
Q

Dantrolene pregnancy cat

A

C

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22
Q

Skeletal muscle relaxants interactions

A

Increased CNS depressants Effect (with alcohol, antihistamines, opiates, and sedatives)

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23
Q

Cyclobenzaprine interactions

A

MAOIs increase risk for high fever and convulsions

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24
Q

Orphenadrine interactions

A

Haloperidol increases psychosis

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25
Tizanidine interactions
Increased risk of hypotension with antihypertensives
26
Muscle relaxants used for surgical procedures ex
Cisatracurium, mivacurium, pancuronium, rocuronium, succinylcholine, vecuronium
27
RA is treated using what
NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and DMARDs
28
When are DMARDs used
When immobility and pain of RA can no longer be controlled by pain-relief agents and anti inflammatory drugs, and can also treat Crohn disease and fibromyalgia
29
DMARDs ex
Methotrexate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, and leflunomide
30
DMARDs MOA
Produce immunosuppression
31
Biologic DMARDs ex
Etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab, pegol, golimumab, abatacept, anakinra, certolizumab, tocilizumab
32
Cytotoxic drugs use
Reserved for slide threatening musculoskeletal problems, such as systemic vasculitis and are extremely toxic
33
Cytotoxic drugs ex
Azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and gold salts
34
DMARDs side effects
Nausea, stomatitis, alopecia
35
Sulfasalazine side effects
Ocular changes, GI upset, mild pancytopenia
36
Biologic DMARDs side effects
Flu-like symptoms, infectious diseases such as TB are a concern, when given by injection, skin irritation is common
37
Methotrexate contraindications
Renal insufficiency, liver disease, alcohol abuse, pancytopenia, or folate deficiency
38
Enteraceot contraindications
Connective heart failure, neurological demyelinating diseases
39
Adalimumab contraindications
Congestive heart failure, neurological demyelinating diseases
40
Infliximab contraindications
Congestive heart failure, neurological demyelinating diseases
41
Anakinra contraindications
Etanercept, adalimumab, or infliximab
42
DMARDs precautions
Obesity, diabetes, hepatitis B or C, pregnancy
43
DMARDs liver disease considerations
Sulfasalazine is selected over methotrexate with liver disease
44
Etanercept requires screening for
Pre existing TB
45
Adalimumab requires scanning for
Pre existing TB
46
Infliximab requires scanning for
Pre existing TB
47
With DMARDs, monitor
Routinely for infections
48
Methotrexate interactions
Sulfa antibiotics and aspirin and NSAIDs increase risk of methotrexate toxicity
49
Biophosphonates MOA
Inhibit normal and abnormal bone resorption, resulting depression n increased bone mineral density, reversing the progression of osteoporosis
50
Biophosphonates uses
Osteoporosis in postmenopausal men and women, hypercalcemia of malignant disease and bony metastasis of some solid tumors, paget disease
51
Biophosphonates Side effects
Nausea, diarrhea, increased or recurrent bone pain, headache, dyspepsia, acid regurgitation, dysphagia, abdominal pain
52
Alendronate contraindications
Hypocalcemia, pregnancy (cat C), delayed esophageal emptying, renal impairment, in people with hormone replacement therapy
53
Risedronate contraindications
Hypocalcemia, delayed esophageal emptying or renal impairment, and in people with hormone replacement therapy
54
Standard drug treatment of osteoporosis
5 years of biophosphonate administrations
55
Denosumab is associated with
Hypokalemia, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), infection, skin reactions, and atypical femoral fractures
56
Biophosphonates interactions
Calcium supplements, or antacids containing magnesium and aluminum decrease effectiveness of biophosphonates, aspirin increases risk of GI belleding, increased risk of theophylline toxicity
57
Allopurinol MOA
Reduces the production of uric acid, decreasing serum uric acid levels, and the deposit of rusted crystals in joints
58
Febuxostat MOA
Reduce serum uric acid levels, preventing gout attacks
59
Colchicine MOA
Reduces the inflammation associated with the deposit of urate crystals in the joints, and has no effect of uric acid metabolism
60
What to use in an acute gout attack
Pegloticase IV infusion, to decrease the amount of uric acid in the body
61
How to treat frequent, recurrent, gout attacks
With probenecid, which can also be given with colchicine
62
Uric acid inhibitors use
Manage acute attacks of gout or in preventing acute attack of gout
63
Uric acid inhibitors snide effects
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, urinary frequency
64
Allopurinol side effects
Skin rash, which in some cases can also be followed by exfoliative dermatitis and SJS
65
Colchicine side effects
Severe nausea, vomiting, and bone marrow depression, so it’s only used when other drugs fail
66
Colchicine contraindications
Serious GI, renal, hepatic, or cardiac disorders, and blood dyscrasias,
67
Probenecid contraindications
Blood dyscrasias, uric acid kidney stones, and in kids under 2
68
Febuxostat contraindications
Theophylline, mercaptopurine, azathioprine
69
Uric acid inhibitors precautions
Renal impairment, pregnancy (cat B or C)
70
Allopurinol precautions
Liver impairment
71
Probenecid precautions
Sulfa allergy, peptic ulcer disease,
72
Colchicine precautions
Elderly
73
What should be used to premeditate patients before pegloticase infusions
Antihistamines and corticosteroids because anaphylactic reactions have been seen
74
Allopurinol interactions
Ampicillin increases risk of rash, increased risk of theophylline toxicity, and aluminum antacids decrease effectiveness of allopurinol
75
Febuxostat interactions
Ampicillin increases risk of rash, increased risk of theophylline toxicity
76
Probenecid interactions
Penicillins, cephalosporins, acyclovir, rifampin, and sulfonamides increase serum levels of anti-infective, increased serum levels of barbiturates and benzodiazepines, and salicylates decrease effectiveness of probenecid
77
bone resorption inhibitors : Biophosphonates ex
Alendronate, etidronate, ibandronate, pamidronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid
78
Bone resorption inhibitors: non biophosphonates
Denosumab, raloxifene, teriparatide,
79
Uric acid inhibitors ex
Allopurinol, colchicine, febuxostat, pegloticase, probenecid
80
Biological drugs used to treat multiple sclerosis
Natalizumab

Pharmacology HOSA (37 decks)

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