Skeletal System

Question 0

What is the only other harder natural substance than bone in the body?

Answer 0

Teeth enamel

Question 1

The second hardest natural substance In the body

Answer 1

Bone

Question 2

What is bone composed of?

Answer 2

Cells of collagen fibers embedded into the matrix

Question 3

The cells that produce bone?

Answer 3

Osteoblasts

Question 4

The process of hardening the matrix that make up bone?

Answer 4

Ossification

Question 5

The functions of bones

Answer 5

Supporting the body, protecting the organs, movement of the body, storing minerals, formation of blood cells

Question 6

Two TYPES of bones

Answer 6

Cancellous bone and compact bone

Question 7

What is the difference between cancellous bone and compact bone?

Answer 7

Cancellous bone is spongy and light while compact bone is heavy and dense

Question 8

What is the advantage of cancellous bones?

Answer 8

They keep your body lightweight but still maintain strength

Question 9

Where is compact bone located?

Answer 9

In what’s of long bones and outside layers of bones

Question 10

What is compact bone composed of?

Answer 10

Haversian systems (tightly compacted cylinders of bone)

Question 11

What does the Haversian canal contain?

Answer 11

Blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves

Question 12

The membrane that covers the outer surfaces of bones.

Answer 12

Periosteum

Question 13

The membrane that lines the hallow interior of surface bones.

Answer 13

Endosteum

Question 14

What do osteoclasts do?

Answer 14

Eat away bone to remodel or remove bone (evil twin of osteoblasts)

Question 15

How do bones get blood?

Answer 15

Passing through tiny channels in the bone matrix called Volkmanns canal

Question 16

How do large blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves enter bones?

Answer 16

Through nutrient foramina channels

Question 17

Two ways bones are formed.

Answer 17

Cartilage bone formation and membrane bone formation

Question 18

Most bones develop by which formation style?

Answer 18

Cartilage bone formation (grows into and replaces a cartilage model)

Question 19

Where is the primary growth center of cartilage bone formation?

Answer 19

Shaft of the cartilage rod

Question 20

Where are secondary growth centers for cartilage bone formation?

Answer 20

Ends of the bone

Question 21

Where does membrane bone formation take place?

Answer 21

In certain skull bones

Question 22

Three things that are necessary for bone to fix itself?

Answer 22

Alignment, immobilization and time

Question 23

Four basic shapes of bone

Answer 23

Long, short, flat and irregular

Question 24

Where are most long bones found?

Answer 24

Limbs of the body

Question 25

What are short bones shaped like?

Answer 25

Cubes

Question 26

Examples of short bones found in the body?

Answer 26

Tarsel and carpel bones

Question 27

Examples of flat bones found in the body?

Answer 27

Skull Shoulder blades, pelvic bones

Question 28

How did irregular bones get their name?

Answer 28

They have more than one characteristics of short, long or flat or are irregular shaped

Question 29

Where is bone marrow found?

Answer 29

Fills the spaces within the bone

Question 30

What does red bone marrow do?

Answer 30

Forms blood cells

Question 31

What is yellow bone marrow?

Answer 31

Fat

Question 32

What is a hole in the bone called?

Answer 32

Foramen

Question 33

What is a fossa?

Answer 33

A sunken area on the surface of bone

Question 34

Two main groups of skeletal bones?

Answer 34

Bones of the head or trunk and bones of the limbs

Question 35

What group of the skeletal bones are called the axial skeleton?

Answer 35

Head and trunk bones

Question 36

Which group of skeletal bones are referred to as the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 36

Trunk bones

Question 37

Some animals have a third group of skeletal bones called...

Answer 37

Visceral skeleton

Question 38

The most complex part of the skeleton

Answer 38

Skull

Question 39

Jagged, immovable, fibrous joints that unite the skull are called...

Answer 39

Sutures

Question 40

Moveable joint (the jaw)

Answer 40

Synovial joint

Question 41

Groups of skull bones

Answer 41

Cranium bones, ear bones, face bones

Question 42

External bones of the cranium?

Answer 42

Occipital, inter parietal, parietal, temporal, frontal

Question 43

Internal bones of the cranium?

Answer 43

Sphenoid, ethmoid bones

Question 44

External bones of the face?

Answer 44

Incisive, nasal, maxillary, lacrimal bones, zygomatic, mandible

Question 45

Internal bones of the face?

Answer 45

Palatine, pterygoid, vomer bones

Question 46

Also called the breastbone

Answer 46

Sternum

Question 47

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 47

The limbs of the body

Question 48

Oste/o

Answer 48

Refers to bone

Question 49

Crani/o

Answer 49

Cranium of the skull

Question 50

-Blast

Answer 50

Making of

Question 51

What is diaphysis?

Answer 51

Shaft of a long bone (femur)

Question 52

What is endosteum?

Answer 52

Inner membrane of a diaphysis bone

Question 53

What is periosteum?

Answer 53

Membrane around the outside of a diaphysis bone

Question 54

What is epiphysis?

Answer 54

The ends of a bone

Question 55

What is a mature osteoblast called after the cell gets surrounded by matrix material?

Answer 55

Osteocytes

Question 56

Where are periosteums NOT present?

Answer 56

In articular surfaces (joints)

Question 57

Large channels where large blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves enter the bones

Answer 57

Nutrient foramina

Question 58

Channels vessels pass through to get to the bone matrix?

Answer 58

Volkmanns channels

Question 59

Nutrient canal that joins with Volkmanns channel to bring nutrients to osteocytes?

Answer 59

Haversian Canals

Question 60

What is emdochomdral?

Answer 60

Cartilage

Question 61

How does the emdochomdral formation of bones work?

Answer 61

(Like wire of a sculpture then the plaster of the sculpture) creation of cartilage that is replaced by bone

Question 62

Where are cancellous bones found?

Answer 62

At the ends of long bones

Question 63

Large, round, articular surfaces

Answer 63

Condyle

Question 64

Flat articular surface

Answer 64

Facet

Question 65

Round, "ball in socket" on ends of articular surfaces

Answer 65

Head

Question 66

"Hole" nerves and vessels pass through into bone

Answer 66

Foramen

Question 67

What is a protruberance?

Answer 67

Lumps and bumps of bones where muscles and tendons attach

Question 68

What is an axial bone?

Answer 68

Parts of the body that cannot be removed and still live (skull, spine, ribs, tail)

Question 69

What are appendicular bones?

Answer 69

Bones/limbs able to be removed and still live

Question 70

How many bones make up the brain?

Answer 70

37-38

Question 71

Upper jaw, mom-movable

Answer 71

Maxilla

Question 72

What does normocephalic mean?

Answer 72

Normal skull shape, proportional to natural wolf style

Question 73

What does brachycephalic mean?

Answer 73

Wide skull with shortened snout, pushing all natural wolf features into a small area

Question 74

What does dolidhochephalic mean?

Answer 74

Elongated snout that is long and thin. Head is narrow and long. (Greyhound and collie)

Question 75

What digit does a horse walk on?

Answer 75

Third (middle)

Question 76

What digit does a cow walk on?

Answer 76

3 and 4

Question 77

What does the frog of a horse hoof do?

Answer 77

Pushes on the ground to assist in blood flow up legs

Question 78

Examples of synovial joints?

Answer 78

Knee, shoulder

Question 79

Examples of fibrous joints

Answer 79

Skull joints, splint bones

Question 80

Which joint is the most common place for injury?

Answer 80

Stifle joint

Question 81

What are the three types of synovial joints?

Answer 81

Ball and socket, pivot and hinged

Question 82

What do crucible ligaments in the stifle joint do?

Answer 82

Holds your femur from moving forward

Question 83

What do the collateral ligaments in the stifle joint do?

Answer 83

Hold you femur from going sideways

Question 84

What is the patella of a stifle joint?

Answer 84

Knee cap

Question 85

What is the meniscus in the stifle joint?

Answer 85

Cushion between tibia and patella

Question 86

Example of a ball and socket joint

Answer 86

Hip and shoulder

Question 87

Examples of hinged joints

Answer 87

Elbow

Question 88

Examples of pivot joints

Answer 88

Skull with vertebrae

Question 89

Not a knee...

Answer 89

A stifle