Skeletal System (Bone Structure Overview) Flashcards

Lecture Exam #2 (42 cards)

1
Q

what is the function of the skeletal system?

A

movement, support, mineral storage, blood cell formation, & protection of organs

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2
Q

large rounded projection

A

tuberosity

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3
Q

narrow ridge of bone

A

crest

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4
Q

very large irregular shaped process (only on femur)

A

trochanter

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5
Q

narrow ridge of bone (less than a crest)

A

tubercle

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6
Q

raised area on or above a condyle

A

epicondyle

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7
Q

sharp, slender, sometimes pointed projection

A

spine

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8
Q

any bony prominence

A

process

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9
Q

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

A

head

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10
Q

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

A

facet

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11
Q

rounded articular projection

A

condyle

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12
Q

arm like bar of bone

A

ramus

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13
Q

furrow (indent)

A

groove

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14
Q

narrow, slit like opening

A

fissure

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15
Q

round or oval opening through a bone

A

foramen

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16
Q

indentation at the edge of a structure

A

notch

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17
Q

canal like passageway

18
Q

cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucus

19
Q

shallow basin like depression in a bone, often an articular surface

20
Q

name a bone and where it can be found

A

long bone- appendages

21
Q

name a different bone and where it can be found

A

short bone- wrist (carpals)

22
Q

name a different bone and where it can be

A

flat bone- sternum

23
Q

name a different bone and where it can be

A

irregular- vertebrae

24
Q

diaphysis and what does it hold

A

shaft of a bone, holds yellow marrow

25
epiphyses and what does it hold
both ends of long bone, holds red marrow
26
metaphysis
connects diaphysis to the epiphyses
27
periosteum
protective covering over bone and stuff
28
endosteum
protective covering inside bone
29
sesame seed shaped bones
sesamoid bone
30
what can a sesamoid bone do in terms of a muscle
alter the direction of a muscle pull across the joint
31
mature bone cell, maintains the bone matrix
osteocytes
32
immature bone cell, secretes organic compounds of matrix
osteoblasts
33
cell that secretes to dissolve bone matrix
osteoclasts
34
unossified bone matrix made by osteoblasts
osteoid
35
unit of a compact bone
osteon
36
what does collagen fiber orientation help you do?
allows room for torso, ex hand twist in up down side to side
37
where is the red marrow found in spongy bone?
between trabeculae in epiphyses
38
where is the yellow marrow found in spongy bone?
between trabeculae in diaphysis
39
the process of bone formation
ossification
40
epiphyseal plate function/characteristic
epipyseal cartilage lets bone grow and growth stops when the plate closes (aka no more cartilage because its turned into bone)
41
what is the difference between endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification?
intramembranous ossification does not have any cartilage at all, only CT membranes endochondral starts with cartilage and most turns to bone
42
fontanels
"soft spots" made of fibrous CT membranes