Skin

Question 1

Makes up the greatest portion of the integument and is responsible for most of the structural strength of the skin.

Answer 1

Dermis

Question 2

Hypodermis = ?

Answer 2

Subcutaneous layer

Question 3

Hoof = ?

Answer 3

Ungula

Question 4

List the five types or corium in the equine foot

Answer 4

Laminar corium
Perioplic corium
Coronary corium
Sole corium
Frog corium

Question 5

Layer of the epidermis. Layer of dead remnants of squamous cells. Outermost layer

Answer 5

Stratum corneum

Question 6

Layer of the epidermis. 3 layers of squamous cells w/nuclei, some still dividing

Answer 6

Stratum spinosum

Question 7

Layer of the epidermis. The middle layer, diamond shaped cells, nuclei are degenerating. Plays an important role in waterproofing skin.

Answer 7

Stratum granulosum or granular layer

Question 8

Layer of the epidermis. Elongated and flattened dead cells, filled with keratin.

Answer 8

Stratum lucidum

Question 9

Layer of the epidermis. Single layer of cells along the basement membrane and are actively dividing.

Answer 9

Stratum basale

Question 10

Makes up the greatest portion of the integument and is responsible for most of the structural strength of the skin. Highly fibrous and is composed of dense irregular connective tissue.

Answer 10

Dermis

Question 11

A tough fibrous, waterproof protein that gives the skin its resiliency and strength

Answer 11

Keratin

Question 12

A Epidermis layer. Found below the dermis and is composed primarily of adipose tissue, which acts as a thermoinsulator and a mechanical shock absorber.

Answer 12

Hypodermis layer

-the Hypodermis is important because it permits the skin to move freely over underlying bone and muscle without putting tension on the skin.

Question 13

The process when cells expire and In doing so form the vital protective barrier that helps enable an animal’s survival

Answer 13

Keratinization

Question 14

A cell that produces the pigment found in skin which is found in the deepest epidermal layers

Answer 14

Melanocyte

Question 15

The epidermis of hairy skin consists of __ layers

Answer 15

3
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum corneum

Question 16

What are the two layers of the dermis ?

Answer 16

Papillary layer and reticular layer

Question 17

Lies just beneath the epithelial layer of the epidermis and is composed of loose connective tissue with loosely woven fibers and ground substance. ( one of the layers of the dermis)

Answer 17

Papillary layer

Question 18

Layer of the dermis. Deeper layer, consists of dense irregular connective tissue and accounts for 80% of the dermis.

Answer 18

Reticular layer

Question 19

The papillary layer of the dermis can form nipple line projections called what?

Answer 19

Dermal papilla

Question 20

What causes pigmentation of the skin ?

Answer 20

The presence or absence of melanin granules in the armlike extensions of the melanocytes
The more granules in the arms of the melanocytes and surround tissue, the darker the pigmentation.

Question 21

How are paw pads and the planum nasale different from other regions of skin?

Answer 21

It represents an unusual form of skin, the surfaces can feel rough and have uneven surfaces visible with the naked eye.

Question 22

Where are chestnuts found

Answer 22

The inside of each leg at the carpus (knee)

Question 23

Where are ergots located

Answer 23

Buried along the long caudal hairs of the fetlock

Question 24

What is a cutaneous pouch and what animal are they found in?

Answer 24

-Sheep
- infoldings of the skin found in front of the eyes, between the digits above the hooves, and in the groin that contain fine hairs and numerous sebaceous and oil glands.

Question 25

Hair is anchored by ?

Answer 25

Hair follicles

Question 26

The part of the hair that is visible above the skin is called ?

Answer 26

The shaft

Question 27

The portion of the hair that is buried within the skin is called the ?

Answer 27

Root

Question 28

A web of sensory nerve endings and is a important touch receptor when hair is bent

Answer 28

Root hair plexus

Question 29

Most common with animals that have fur. Multiple hair strands emerge from a single pore

Answer 29

Compound follicles

Question 30

Generally straight or arched and are thicker and longer hairs

Answer 30

Primary hairs

Question 31

Softer and shorter hairs

Answer 31

Secondary hairs

Question 32

Hairs used as probes and feelers.

Answer 32

Tactile hairs

Question 33

How is hair colored ?

Answer 33

Pigment in the cortex and medulla

Question 34

A type of melanin that produced Yellowish and reddish colors

Answer 34

Pheomelanin

Question 35

A type of melanin the produces brown and black colors

Answer 35

Tyrosine melanin

Question 36

How is white hair formed ?

Answer 36

The cortex loses its pigment entirely and the medulla becomes completely filled with air.

Question 37

A small, smooth muscle attached to each hair follicle and is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system when an animal is frighted or cold.

Answer 37

Arrector pili muscle

Question 38

A gland that Consists of a simple coiled tube located in the dermis or Hypodermis and is connected to the surface of the skin by a long duct. Releases onto the surface of the skin.

Answer 38

Eccrine sweat glands

Question 39

Glands the have a coiled, excretory portion buried in the dermis or Hypodermis with a single excretory duct and empty onto the hair follicles

Answer 39

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 40

Cats and dogs of anal sacs located where relative to the anus ?

Answer 40

5 and 7 o’clock

Question 41

Glands that are lined with epithelial cells that manufacture and store oily, lipid substance. They are classified as a holocrine structure.

Answer 41

Sebaceous glands

Question 42

White, semiliquid mixture produced by glands

Answer 42

Sebum

Question 43

Underlying sensitive tissue

Answer 43

Corium