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Path E3 > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Macule

A

Flat circumscribed <5mm

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2
Q

Patch

A

Flat circumscribed >5mm

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3
Q

Papule

A

Elevated lesion <5mm

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4
Q

Plaque

A

Elevated lesion >5mm

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5
Q

Pustule

A

Discrete pus filled lesion

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6
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid filled lesion <5mm

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7
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid filled lesion >5mm

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8
Q

Acute Utricaria

A

Hives

-edematous pruritic wheals

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9
Q

Acute Eczema

A

Pruritic inflammatory erythematous papules and scaly plaques

“The itch that rashes

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10
Q

Acute eczema over time the skin

A

Thickens due to acanthosis

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11
Q

Atopic autoimmune eczema

A

Autoimmune related

Genetic predisposition
Atopic triad of asthma, allergies, and eczema

Children then outgrow it

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12
Q

Allergic contact Eczema

A

Type IV hypersensitivity:

CD4+T lymphocyte mediated

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13
Q

Photoeczematous

A

Abnl reaction to UV

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14
Q

Irritan dermatitis

A

Contact exposure to irritant

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15
Q

Erythema Multiforme

A

Hypersensitivity reaction most often due to medication/drug and certain infections

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16
Q

Clinical features of erythema multiforme

A

Multiple types of lesions with macula papules vesicles with central pallor

Can lead to epidermal desquamation if progresses

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17
Q

Psoriasis is associated with

A

Heart disease and can lead to psoriatic arthritis

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18
Q

Psoriasis is a

A

Autoimmune T cell mediated rxn

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19
Q

Acanthosis

A

Epidermal thickening

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20
Q

Psoriasis histologically

A

Epidermal thickening with increase epidermal cell turnover but lack of maturity

Epidermal hyperplasia
Downward extension of Rete pegs
Parakeratoci scale

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21
Q

Clinically psoarias

A

Erythematous pink and salmon colored plaques

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22
Q

Koehler

A

Induce psoriasis lesion by local trauma

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23
Q

Auspitz sign

A

Punctuate bleeding when overlying scale is removed

24
Q

Impetigo

A

Staph Aureus

Can be strep pyogenes

Contagious—usually kids

25
Q

Impetigo states as ______ and then enlarges with honey colored crust

A

Small macule often perioral/perinasal

26
Q

Blistering Dermatoses a blistering disease where

A

vesicles and bullae are primary skin findings

Blisters occur at different levels within epidermis

27
Q

Acantholysis

A

Lysis of intercellular junctions between squamous cells

28
Q

Subcorneal

A

Superficial epidermis at stratum granulosum: pemphigus foliaceus

29
Q

Suprabasal

A

Above basal cell

Pemphigus vulgarisms

30
Q

Nonacantholysis

A

Subepidermal

Below DEJ

Bulbous pemphigoid with intact intercellular junctions

31
Q

Pemphigus is a type ____ hypersensitivity reaction

A

II

32
Q

Pemphigus ______ bind to intercellular desmosomal proteins

A

IgG autoantibodies

33
Q

DIF

A

Intercellular IgG deposition along keratinocytes cell membrane

34
Q

DIF in pemphigus vulagris

A

IgG depositions throughout epidermis

35
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

raise disease of elderly
Mucosal and skin involvement
-pressure points

Flaccid blister that easily rupee leading to denuded skin

36
Q

Subepidermal nonacantholyis

A

Roof of blister is full thickness of epidermis

37
Q

Actinic Keratosis/Cheilitis

A

Red scaly patches on chronically sun exposed skin

-fair skinned

38
Q

Actinic Keratosis histo

A

Cytologic atypical with hyperplasia of basal cells with overall epidermal thinning

Freeze off or chemo topical

39
Q

Benign skin neoplasms

A

Benign nervous

40
Q

Precancerous/Atypical skin neoplasms

A

Actinic keratosis

Dysplastic nevi

41
Q

skin Cancer neoplasms

A

Squamous cell
Basal cell carcinoma
Melanoma

42
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma forms in

A

Keratinocytes of epidermis

43
Q

Mutations in squamous cell carcinoma

A

UV light exposure
TP53 Mutation
HRAS and Notch receptor mutations

44
Q

SCC other risk factors

A

HPV
Immunosuppressive from organ transplant
Arsenic infections
Xeroderma pigmentosum

45
Q

SCC begins as _____ then over time

A

Red scaly plaques

Becomes invasive nodule and ulcerated

46
Q

Most common type of skin cancer

A

Basal Cell carcinoma

47
Q

Basal Cell carcinoma will appear

A

Red scaly patches and also pearly translucent papules with telangiectasisa

Usually on face

48
Q

Basal Cell carcinoma

Arise in

A

Basal layer of epidermis

49
Q

BCC genetic disorder

A

Basal cell nevus syndrome with PTCH gene mutation in hedgehog tumor suppressor pathway

50
Q

Melanoma is____ most common

A

3rd

51
Q

Melanoma signs

A

Rapid change in size of prior nevus with asymmetry

Color change

Itching/pain

New onset pigmented lesion esp in adults

Irregular borders

52
Q

Melanoma color

A

Red brown black

53
Q

Melanoma borders

A

Notched in appearance

54
Q

Melanoma flat lesions radial growth

A

Flat lesions that enlarge

55
Q

Melanoma Nodular lesions connote

A

Invasion into dermis

56
Q

Vertical growth phase is

A

Key farce in nature of melanomas

Path E3 (8 decks)

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