skull

Question 1

3 parts of the vertebrate skull bony fish

Answer 1

Splanchnocranium (Visceral Cranium)
Chondracranium (Cartilage Cranium)
Neurocranium
dermatocranium (Dermal Cranium)

Question 2

splanchocranium develops from

Answer 2

pharyngeal arches

Question 3

mandibular arch has the

Answer 3

platoquadrate (incus) and meckels cartilage (malleus

Question 4

the hyoid arch has the (3)

Answer 4

hypomandibular (stapes), ceratobranchial(hyoid), and basibranchial(hyoidbone)

Question 5

brachial arches 3-7

Answer 5

pharyngobranchial, epibranchial, ceratobranchial, hypobranchial, basibranchial

Question 6

Auditory ossicles

Answer 6

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 7

Chondrocranium
paired cartilages (4)

Answer 7

Trabeculae, parachordals, polar cartilages, occipital cartilages

Question 8

sensory capsules

Answer 8

nasal optic otic

Question 9

what is a beauchene skull

Answer 9

a disarticulated exploded skull

Question 10

cranial bones of the skull (6)

Answer 10

occipital, parietal, frontal, temporal (petrous part, internal and external acoustic meatus) sphenoid ethmoid

Question 11

facial bones of the skull (8)

Answer 11

maxillae, palatine, nasal, inferior nasal conchae, zygomatic, lacrimal, vomer, and mandible

Question 12

Bones that form the orbit (7)

Answer 12

Frontal, sphenoid (greater and lesser wing), zygomatic, ethmoid, lacrimal, palatine, and maxillary

Question 13

Temporomandibular joint includes (4)

Answer 13

Temporal bone, mandibular fossa, mandible, condylar process

Question 14

parts of ethmoid bone

Answer 14

Cribiform plate, crista galli

Question 15

parts of sphenoid bone

Answer 15

sella turcica, hypophyseal fossa

Question 16

parts of the hard palate

Answer 16

maxilla and palatine

Question 17

lamprey skull

Answer 17

no jaw, splanchnocranium (supports pharyngeal slits and roof of mouth)

Question 18

chondrichthyes skull

Answer 18

gnathostome (jawed), branchial arches, spiracle ( opening caudle to eye, reduced gill slit, present in most sharks and rays)

Question 19

Bony fish

Answer 19

jawed, operculum bony covering protecting gills

Question 20

what are paranasal sinuses

Answer 20

mucus and air filled cavities in skull

Question 21

paranasal sinuses ______ the skull

Answer 21

lighten

Question 22

paranasal sinuses are _______ ______ for speech

Answer 22

resonance chambers

Question 23

What are the 4 skull bones that contain paranasal sinuses

Answer 23

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones

Question 24

bovine sinuses are located (5)

Answer 24

in the front, palatomaxillary, lacrimal, sphenoidal, conchal bones

Question 25

the three bovine frontal sinus compartments are

Answer 25

latera rostral frontal sinus, medial rostral fontal sinus, and caudal frontal sinus

Question 26

chondrichthyes have a modified ________ attachment

Answer 26

Amphistyly

Question 27

chondrichthyes have a

Answer 27

enlarged hyoid arch

Question 28

chondrichthyes have a absent

Answer 28

dermatocranium

Question 29

chondrichthyes mandible is fromed from

Answer 29

meckels cartilage

Question 30

chondrichthyes the platoquadrate is fully

Answer 30

functional

Question 31

chondrichthyes the hypomandibular is the hyoid is not directly attached to the

Answer 31

palatoquadrate

Question 32

Osteichthyes (bony fish) are __________ so they have jaws

Answer 32

Gnathostomes

Question 33

Osteichthyes (bony fish) have a ________ and a _______ that are freely articulated

Answer 33

Premaxilla and maxilla

Question 34

Osteichthyes (bony fish) have a lower jar with

Answer 34

teeth

Question 35

Osteichthyes (bony fish) have a

Answer 35

hyostylic jaw attachment

Question 36

Amphibian skulls have a _______ and a _____

Answer 36

premaxilla and maxilla ( typically tooth bearing)

Question 37

Amphibian skulls have a paired ______

Answer 37

vomer ( tooth bearing)

Question 38

Amphibian skulls have a ________ which develops from the ________

Answer 38

columella; Hypomandibular

Question 39

Amphibian skulls are a _______ so they have ________ jaw attachment

Answer 39

Quadrate; Metautostylic

Question 40

Reptiles have a _____ attachment

Answer 40

Metautostylic; mandible attaches to the qudrate

Question 41

Reptiles have fenestrae which are

Answer 41

opening in the outer dermatocranium

Question 42

anapsids means there are no

Answer 42

fenestrae

Question 43

diapsids have

Answer 43

2 temporal fenestrae

Question 44

lizards are modified

Answer 44

diapsids

Question 45

snakes are missing upper and lower temporal

Answer 45

bones

Question 46

snakes have many multiple cranial bones that are ______

Answer 46

movable

Question 47

osteichthyes- amia is a _______ _____ fish

Answer 47

primitive bony

Question 48

modern fish are typically grouped as

Answer 48

teleosts

Question 49

in mammals the jugal is typically called the

Answer 49

zygomatic bone

Question 50

mammals have a ________ attachment

Answer 50

craniostylic

Question 51

in bovine the canine and incisive teeth are ______ in the upper jaw

Answer 51

absent

Question 52

instead of teeth in the upper jaw bovine have a

Answer 52

dental pad

Question 53

bovine have __ teeth in the lower jaw

Answer 53

8

Question 54

autostylic

Answer 54

auto- self ( upper jaw is connected directly to the cranium)

Question 55

amphistylic

Answer 55

amphi-both (upper jaw is braced against the cranium)

Question 56

hyostylic

Answer 56

hyo-attachment to the hyoid

Question 57

metautostylic

Answer 57

meta-indicated change ( jaw is attached to the braincase through the quadrate bone)

Question 58

craniostylic

Answer 58

cranio-attachment to cranium (jaw is directly attached to the skull bone)

Question 59

The splanchnocranium is the _____ cranium

Answer 59

Visceral

Question 60

The splanchnocranium supports ____

Answer 60

Gills

Question 61

The splanchnocranium is the attachment site for ____

Answer 61

Respiratory muscles

Question 62

The splanchnocranium contributes to the

Answer 62

Jaw and hyoid

Question 63

The Chondrocranium is ______ cranium

Answer 63

Cartilage

Question 64

The Chondrocranium is ventral to the ____

Answer 64

Brain

Question 65

The Chondrocranium supports the ____ and _______ organs

Answer 65

Brain and sensory

Question 66

The Chondrocranium has ______ bone and ossification

Answer 66

Endochondral

Question 67

The dermatocranium is the _____ cranium

Answer 67

Dermal

Question 68

The dermatocranium is the outer most ____

Answer 68

Cranium

Question 69

The dermatocranium is predominant in ___

Answer 69

amniotes

Question 70

The dermatocranium is composed of

Answer 70

Dermal bone

Question 71

The dermatocranium has ________ ossification

Answer 71

Intramembranous