Soc 11 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are performance enhancing drugs (PED’s)?
A substance that can be taken in a variety of ways to produce expected and welcome physiological effects. Taking these drugs can increase the level of performance but can also cause some side effects that are unpleasant.
Why do people take PED’s?
-Improve performance
-Some people are encouraged to do so by coaches or fellow athletes
-The reward of winning
-Pressure
What are anabolic steroids?
Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone or muscle growth.
What are beta blockers?
Drugs that are used to control the heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect.
What are diuretics?
Used to increase the amount of urine production and to increase kidney function.
What are narcotics/analgesics?
Narcotics: affect mood and behaviour, including drowsiness and pain relief. Analgesics: painkilling/ pain relief.
What are peptide hormones?
Used to increase the number of red blood cells in the blood. Increases muscle growth and aids recovery from injury.
What are growth hormones?
Used to increase their muscle development (very similar to steroids).
What are stimulants?
Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and/ or physical alertness.
What are the benefits of anabolic steroids?
Increase muscle mass and develop bone growth.
What are the benefits of beta blockers?
Increase steadiness and precision.
What are the benefits of diuretics?
Aids athletes who need to lose weight quickly.
What are the benefits of narcotics/analgesics?
Pain relief. Can allow an athlete to return from an injury quicker.
What are the benefits of peptide hormones?
Increase muscle growth. Assists recovery from injury/ training sessions. Allows the body to carry extra oxygen, and disperse waste products and lactic acid.
What are the benefits of growth hormones?
Increases muscle growth.
What are the benefits of stimulants?
Increase the alertness enabling people to think more quickly.
What are the side effects of anabolic steroids?
Increased blood pressure. Increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and muscle injury.
What are the side effects of beta blockers?
Nausea, diarrhoea, tiredness, depression, insomnia and nightmares.
What are the side effects of diuretics?
Dehydration, which can cause dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches and nausea.
What are the side effects of narcotics/analgesics?
Loss of concentration, balance or coordination. Emotional effects including hallucinations.
What are the side effects of peptide hormones?
Blood becomes thicker, making it more difficult to pass through the capillaries and increases the risk of a heart attack.
What are the side effects of growth hormones?
Minimal side effects.
What are the side effects of stimulants?
Insomnia, irritability, irregular heart beat, increased heart rate and blood pressure.
