Soc 12 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is the Skeletal System?
The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibres, and minerals.
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
Protection of Vital Organs, Muscle Attachment, Joints for movement, Storing Calcium and Phosphorus, Red and white blood cell production.
What are the 4 types of bones?
Long bones, Short bones, Flat bones, Irregular bones
What are the 5 types of bones in the spine/vertebrae?
Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacrum (5, fused), Coccyx (4, fused)
What are long bones used for?
Generating movement - Long bones are longer than they are wide. They don’t have to be big, small bones like finger bones (phalanges) count as long bones. A long bone has a shaft and two ends. Some examples include : Ulna, Radius, Femur, Tibia, Fibula and Humerus.
What are long bones used for within sport?
These bones are vital to generate movement, strength and speed. They usually act as levers. When they are pulled by different muscles, they enable the body to move.
What are short bones used for?
Weight bearing - Short bones are generally the same size in length, width, and thickness. The only short bones in the body are the carpals (cuffs) in the wrists and the tarsals (toes) in the foot.
What are short bones used for within sport?
Short bones are usually associated with weight bearing, shock absorption and spreading loads. They play a key role in activities like jogging, playing tennis or dancing.
What are flat bones used for?
Protection - Flat bones usually protect organs or offer a good surface for muscles to attach to. For example, the ribs protect the heart and the lungs, while the broad scapula has three muscles attached to it. Other flat bones include : Scapula, cranium and clavicle.
What are flat bones used for in sport?
Flat bones protect your organs in contact sports and provide attachment for muscles to help movement.
What are irregular bones used for?
Irregular bones have odd shapes and vary in function. An example is the vertebrae which help protects the spinal column and the sacrum which has a lot of attachment points.
What are irregular bones used for within sport?
Irregular bones offer protection when playing sport, they tend to form specific functions. For example, the first and second vertebrae allows the head to turn and nod.
