Soc 15: The Structure Of The Heart Flashcards
Cardio-respiratory system
The interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise
Cardiovascular
To do with the heart, blood and blood vessels together
Vasodilation
When veins swell up or dilate, widening of the internal diamete of the blood vessel to allow blood flow
Vasoconstriction
When veins shrink down; narrowing of the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to decreases blood flow
What are the 3 functions of the cardiovascular sytem
Transport oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients. Helps to clot blood. Controls body temperature
What is vascular shunting?
When your muscles need more blood for movement and moves away from the organs to your muscles. Reason why after 1500 you feel dizzy or sick (less blodd in brain)
Arteries
Arteries go away from the heart
Veins
Go into the heart
Capillaries
Distribute blood within organs
4 main characteristics of arteries
Arteries take blood away from the heart
Arteries have thick walls and are more elastic than veins as they carry blood
which is at a higher pressure than veins as they carry oxygenated blood
The channel the blood flows through, called the lumen, can widen to allow more
blood through when you so that when you exercise, it can reach the working
muscles
The pulmonary artery is different from other arteries as it carries deoxygenated
blood from the heart to the lungs
4 main characteristics of veins
Carry blood into the heart, thinner walls, less elastic carry blood at a lower pressure, contain many valves which help de-ox blood flow to the heart, pulmonary veins is different- carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart
4 main characteristics of capilliries
Microscopic vessels- one cell thick, oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and nutrients to the muscles, carry de oxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste peoducts and taking them to the dispose of them, capillaries are where gas exchanges take place
