Soc 24

Question 1

Proteins

Answer 1

Purpose - Tissue growth. Athletes frequently use protein supplements in their diet and will consume immediately after training.
Examples - Animal products: meat, fish, dairy

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Purpose - source of energy. Divided intom simple carbohydrates - sugars and complex carbohydrates - starches. Athletes need to consume larger quantities of carbohydrate to fuel their training and performance. “Carbo-loading”.
Examples - simple: sugar, glucose. Complex: bread, pasta, rice

Question 3

Fats

Answer 3

Purpose - Source of energy. Four types: monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, saturated and trans fats. Fats are stored under the skin and are essential for health. Too much fat can limit an athlete’s performance due to increased weight.
Examples - Monounsaturated – olive oil, avocados; polyunsaturated – oily fish, nuts, sunflower oil, soya beans; saturated – full-fat dairy, fatty meats; and trans fats – many snack foods.

Question 4

Minerals

Answer 4

Purpose - Essential for many processes, eg bone growth/strength, nervous system, red blood cells, immune system. Need small amounts only.
Examples - Calcium – milk, canned fish, broccoli; iron – watercress, brown rice, meat; zinc – shellfish, cheese, wheatgerm; potassium – fruit, pulses, white meat.

Question 5

Vitamins

Answer 5

Purpose - Essential for many processes, eg bone growth, metabolic rate, immune system, vision, nervous system. Need small amounts only.
Examples - A – dairy, oily fish, yellow fruit; B – vegetables, wholegrain cereals; C – citrus fruit, broccoli, sprouts; D – oily fish, eggs, fortified cereals.

Question 6

Water/fluids

Answer 6

The body needs o be hydrated to stay healthy. Failing to replace lost fluids can result in dehydration. This is a more serious condition then lack of food.
Women: 1.6l
Men: 2l

Question 7

Fibre

Answer 7

Soluble - helps to reduce cholesterol. Eg, oats, fruit

Insoluble - keeps the bowel healthy. Eg, wholemeal bread, nuts