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SOC212 > SOC212 - 12. Mental Illness > Flashcards

SOC212 - 12. Mental Illness Flashcards

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1
Q

Mental Illness in Canada

A

80% deal with it (friends, family)
1% - bipolar/schizo
5% - Anxiety
8% - MDP

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2
Q

Mental Illness in Canada

A

70% - detected in childhood (early onset)
20% of Canadians will personally experience a mental
illness

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3
Q

Mental Illness in Canada

A

Mental illness affects people of all
levels, and cultures, ages, educational and income
10-20 % of Canadian youth are affected by a mental illness
Only 1 mental health services receives out of 5 children who need them

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4
Q

Costs

A

51 Billion cost

4% of all admissions - 1.5 Mill Hospital Days

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5
Q

Stigma

A

Stigma: shamed or disgrace attached to something
can stop ppl from getting treatment
society values thinking

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6
Q

Stigma

A

can’t control how they act or think

held accountable for being ill - unlike cancer

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7
Q

Stigma

A

systems of care are distinct
view mental illness as violent, unpredictable, crazy
negative stereotypes from media perpetuating fear and prejudice

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8
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

The Psychiatric Diagnostic Manual:
The American Psychiatric Association (2013) developed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorder (5th Ed)
DSM Changes

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9
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

took out homosexuality and neurosis, but added eating disorders, PTSD
categorizing system - how disorders relate to each other
not provide understanding of person’s mind

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10
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

Psychiatry traditionally classifies mental disorders according to two types functional, or nonorganic, disorders.

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11
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

Organic Mental Disorders: physiological source

Functional Mental Disorders: compulsive behaviour, neurosis

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12
Q

Psychiatric Approach

A

manic-depressive: bipolar

Minor Disorders — from organic causes and those derived

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13
Q

Psychiatric Approach

A

Paranoid Behaviour: extreme suspicion
Depressive Behaviour
Schizophrenia: delusion, social withdrawal

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14
Q

Psychiatric Approach

A

-

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15
Q

Normative Definition

A

Redlich (1957) advocated another method for making the clinical classification of behavior – “normal” or “abnormal”.
• Problems
• The motivation of the behavior

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16
Q

Normative Definition

A
  • situation in which the behavior occurs: context is important
  • Who decides?: experts or general public
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17
Q

Normative Definition

A

•Residual Norms
Social Reactions
norm violations - not covered by behavioural expectations

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18
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

• variation in diagnosed mental disorders by social class, gender, age, race and ethnicity, and marital status.
• Class: severe disorders concentrated in lower classes
eating disorders more concentrated in upper
• Gender: depressive disorders - female

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19
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

• Age: 18-29 - schizophrenia
• Race/Ethnicity: African american - more active disorders
eating disorders more common in caucasians
• Martial Status

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20
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

LGBT - higher rates of depression, body disorders
marriage - protective risk factor
less stress levels

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21
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

-

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22
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

Social stress may exhibit similar links to mental illness + also seems directly related to behaviors frequently defined as elements of mental disorders - linked to certain life events - changes
common

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23
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

Certain types of mental illness seem associated with specific proportions of stressful life events.
OCD: relieves stress when engaging in compulsions
Stress in Modern Life
Stress & Anxiety

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24
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

stress builds over long periods of time
can be insulated by coping strategies
financial means can be helpful in coping

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25
Social Stress & Mental Illness
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26
Stress & Coping Strategies
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27
Stress & Coping Strategies
Stress does not inevitably produce mental illness. | Coping strategies are important for intervening between life events + mental disorders.
28
Stress & Coping Strategies
individual needs coping skills + capabilities in order to deal with social and environmental demands Successful coping depends on both physical + social resource
29
Stress & Coping Strategies
capacity and coping strategies in dealing with stress SES situation adaptation takes motivation and reaction
30
Stress & Coping Strategies
23% self report mental illness | canadians in lowest income bracket 3-4x more likely to report low well-being
31
Stress & Coping Strategies
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32
Stress & Coping Strategies
Inability to Shift Roles: Many people who develop mental illness appear to lose ability to shift easily or at all from one social role to another shift in roles => shift in expectations
33
Stress & Coping Strategies
Performing the Mentally Ill Role: actions and conditions that characterize mental illness (like withdrawal, depression, compulsions, obsessions, and hallucinations) violate common norms
34
Social Roles & Mental Illness
breaking rules labelling them can help them perform mental roles encourage them and make it easier for them to get help
35
Social Roles & Mental Illness
-
36
Social Roles & Mental Illness
Self-Reactions and Social Roles: People experience a self-reaction to their appearance, status, and conduct. Distorted self-conceptions.
37
Social Roles & Mental Illness
Culture influences the nature of self-reactions Mental illness may fall along a continuum of behavior, influenced by personal resources, symptoms + social expectations (Gove and Hughes, 1989)
38
Social Roles & Mental Illness
difficulties in relationships + anxiety | self identity: affected by culture
39
Eating Disorders
term eating disorders encompasses a variety of behaviors associated with patterns of consuming food. anorexia: purposeful starving bulimia: purging + binging pattern
40
Eating Disorders
orthorexia: fixation with healthy eating more about anxiety, self-loathing, lack of control can lead to heart conditions Psychological explanations
41
Eating Disorders
Cultural values increase the likelihood for eating disorders. Social standards of female beauty that dominate conversations, media images + clothing fashions
42
Eating Disorders
Culture: normative standards for beauty many times unrealistic, and racialized Ads: photoshop
43
Eating Disorders
1998 - interviews with ppl in Fiji 1995 - brought in tv after 3 years of watching tv, girls started getting eating disorders
44
Social Control of Mental Illness
Mental Hospitals: Perform two main functions: Treatment enables mentally disordered people to return to normal society + protection for both patients and society.
45
Social Control of Mental Illness
lost popularity: abuse + neglect didn’t know what to do with them drugs can help ppl function
46
Social Control of Mental Illness
The Deinstitutionalization Movement: movement intended to offer outpatients, including those who have previously experienced hospitalization + those who have not, a variety of services through local clinics.
47
Social Control of Mental Illness
treated at home | substantial decrease in hospitals that focus on mental illness
48
Social Control of Mental Illness
Problems: 30-70% of homeless - they fall through the cracks still neglected even if outside mental institutions
49
Reducing Stigma
• public stigmatizes those with mental illness as unpredictable and potentially dangerous.
50
Reducing Stigma
• Several mentally ill people may experience discrimination + choose to avoid treatment for their disorders in attempt to reduce the stigma. difficulty getting employment
51
Reducing Stigma
• Public education + fundraising: many groups such as Bell that work to decrease Stigma tertiary deviance* - group trying to change label or meaning associated with it
52
Problems
Stigma & Blame: neoliberalism: state is less responsible for individuals look after own retirement, security + health
53
Problems
we are not taught on how to deal with emotional problems + life changes • Structural Issues: lack of access to quality mental health care
54
Problems
Big Pharma: important we think critically industry element => money involved lots of money in selling pills
55
Problems
Homelessness: more likely to be homeless at some point | less social support/safety net - less contact with family + friends
56
Problems
Access to Quality Care: hard to get into hospitals that focus on mental health need good insurance
57
Problems
framing: seen as for white ppl | coloured ppl difficulty getting support when they want to get help
58
Stigma & Mental Illness
Health care environment not immune to Stigma judgement before getting to know them assume they are seeking attention - even when they are seeking help for a different illness dismissiveness
59
Stigma & Mental Illness
youth labelled by teachers, peers bullied and made fun of ppl don’t know how to deal with ppl with mental illness
60
Stigma & Mental Illness
system labels them and ignores the causes | treated like a problem, not a person with a problem
61
Stigma & Mental Illness
death never defined in terms of mental illness, but how they died can’t see the mental illness unlike broken bones so they don’t know what to do
62
Stigma & Mental Illness
be more receptive don’t be close minded, be patient early interventions - don’t get treatment until a crisis more education and understanding

SOC212 (13 decks)

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