social class external factors Flashcards
(11 cards)
Which class suffers from material deprivation?
How does material deprivation lead to underachievement?
The working class
- Cannot afford resources = cant have internet access or laptop so can’t do homework
- poor diet and health = no energy to focus in lesson or become ill and miss vital leaning.
- Poor housing = leads to inability to revise as they may have no space
Work = some WC children have part - time jobs so don’t have time for school
uniform = can’t afford uniform so may be bullied or sanctioned by teachers.
How does the fear of debt lead to underachievement?
Students see debt as negative and something to avoid
They work to fund their education
Apply to local universities to cut down on travel costs.
What is economic capital?
Middle class students can afford a computer and large houses so are able to focus on their school work.
They can also move houses to catchment areas to get into good schools.
What is an evaluation of the material deprivation
Government introduces compensatory education such a free school meals
Some working class children do not suffer from material deprivation but still underachieve
What ways do working class students suffer from material deprivation?
- parent’s attitudes
- language
How does parents attitudes lead to underachievement.
Parents may be unwilling to support their child’s education so wont help with homework or encourage them
WC parents don’t place value on education = children have less ambition so become disinterested and demotivated as they are placing a lower importance on education
What is an evaluation to this?
Some working class parents care for their children but haven’t got the time to attend school meetings due to material deprivation
How are social class differing in language.
WC children speak in restricted code = slang and limited vocabulary
MC children speak in elaborate code = Sophisticated language wide spread
Therefore can understand textbooks and exams
So will get better grades.
What is cultural capital?
Middle class parents are able to help their children with homework
Take their children to galleries and art museums to aid with their knowledge of the school curriculum.
Value deffered gratification - teach children to work hard and apply to universities
Speak in elaborate code
What are the differences in subcultures?
WORKING CLASS SUBCULTURES
- Fatalism = Belief that a situation can’t be changed.
- Immediate gratification = Want rewards as soon as possible
Collectivism = Socialising with friends is held at a higher importance
- Present time orientation - Focus n the present instead of the future so don’t have long term goals
MIDDLE CLASS SUBCULTURES
- Optimism = Think they are able to achieve anything
- individual effort = The more effort they put in the better they’ll do
Deffered gratification = work hard for long term achievement
- Future time orientation = focus on long term goals.
What is an evaluation for cultural deprivation?
Not all working class students underachieve so the theory fails to explain why some working class children manage to succeed despite their cultural deprivation.
Theory blames individuals for their failures.
Marxists would argue this reinforces lass inequality
