Social Cognition Models Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is the central concept of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)?
The central concept of TRA is that intentions are the strongest predictor of behavior, influenced by attitudes and subjective norms.
What does TRA suggest about the relationship between attitudes and behavior?
TRA suggests that attitudes influence behavior indirectly through intentions, not directly.
Which study found that intentions are a better predictor of behavior than attitudes?
Sheeran (2002) found that intentions (rather than attitudes) are the primary predictor of behavior.
What does the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) add to TRA?
: TPB adds perceived behavioral control (PBC), accounting for external and internal factors that may affect behavior, especially when behavior is not entirely volitional.
Which study demonstrated that perceived control enhances prediction of both intention and behavior in TPB?
Armitage & Conner (2001) found that perceived control significantly impacted both intention and behavior.
What is the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA)?
The RAA distinguishes between instrumental attitudes (outcome-based) and experiential attitudes (emotional responses), as well as injunctive norms and descriptive norms.
Which study found that instrumental attitudes and experiential attitudes were strong predictors of intention in RAA?
McEachan et al. (2016) found that both instrumental attitudes and experiential attitudes significantly predicted intention.
What are the key components of the Health Belief Model (HBM)?
The key components of HBM are perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and health motivation.
What does the Health Belief Model focus on?
The Health Belief Model focuses on how people’s perceptions of health threats and the benefits of actions shape their health-related behaviors.
Which study found weak correlations between perceived susceptibility and health behavior in the Health Belief Model?
Harrison et al. (1992) found weak correlations between perceived susceptibility and health behavior, suggesting limited predictive power.
How does self-efficacy contribute to RAA?
Self-efficacy (belief in one’s ability to perform a behavior) influences both perceived control and behavior performance in the RAA model.
What is the primary predictor of behavior according to TRA and TPB
Intentions are the primary predictor of behavior according to both TRA and TPB.
How does the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) account for behaviors that are not fully under volitional control
TPB accounts for these behaviors through perceived behavioral control (PBC), which captures factors that might inhibit or facilitate behavior.
What is the difference between injunctive norms and descriptive norms in RAA?
Injunctive norms refer to social approval/disapproval, while descriptive norms reflect beliefs about others’ behavior.
What do expectancy-value theories in TRA and TPB suggest?
They suggest that attitudes and perceived control are influenced by beliefs about the outcomes of behavior and the value placed on those outcomes.
What are the three core predictors of intention in the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)?
Attitude toward the behaviour, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control.
What determines actual behaviour in the TPB?
Intention and perceived behavioural control.
What is the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA)?
An updated version of TPB focusing on belief-based components and refined measurement of intention predictors.
What is a key limitation in most TPB studies?
: Most measure self-reported behaviour rather than objective behaviour.
What types of bias can affect self-reported behaviour?
Cognitive, affective, and self-presentational biases.
What does TPB not explain well?
: How to change attitudes, norms, PBC, or intentions to influence behaviour.
How many studies in Armitage & Conner’s (2001) meta-analysis examined behaviour prediction?
Only 63 out of 185; just 19 measured behaviour objectively.
What did most studies in the Armitage & Conner (2001) review focus on?
Prediction of intentions.
Why is causality hard to establish in TPB studies?
Most are correlational; behaviour could influence attitudes or be influenced by third variables.
