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developmental 2 > social development in adolescence > Flashcards

social development in adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 major characteristics of social development?

A

growth, differentiation, synthesis

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2
Q

develop new skills/concepts, experience new emotions, function in larger social and personal domains =

A

growth

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3
Q

range of activities/behaviours/skills/social contacts expand and change, differences between individuals become larger, own unique developmental trajectories =

A

differentiation

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4
Q

need to synthesise all newness in a coherent approach to the world =

A

synthesis

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5
Q

what are the central goals of adolescent development?

A

be autonomous and emotionally regulated, sense of self-identity, form close relationships with both same and other sex peers

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6
Q

what are the 5 domains in which adolescent development occurs?

A

social environment, puberty, family, peer group, self

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7
Q

we can’t understand social development without understanding parallels in what?

A

cognitive and emotional development

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8
Q

according to this theory, human development is sequenced according to an evolutionary timeline. what theory is this?

A

storm and stress

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9
Q

according to Hull, ______ recapitulates _______ in human development

A

ontogeny, phylogeny

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10
Q

the evolutionary growth and development of a species =

A

phylogeny

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11
Q

the personal growth of an individual being from conception =

A

ontogeny

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12
Q

give an example of how ancestral characters are preserved in an organisms development

A

both chick and human embryos have a stage where they have slits and arches in their necks > identical to gill slits and arches in fish > supports that chicks and humans share a common ancestor with fish

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13
Q

idea that from conception we start as one cell and develop into a fully grown human. is this development ontogeny or phylogeny?

A

ontogeny

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14
Q

according to Hull, human development proceeds from animal like to ______________

A

higher order functioning

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15
Q

what does Hull believe leads to inevitable storm and stress during adolescence?

A

recapitulation occurs as a result of more primitive areas of the brain (cortical regions) maturing before ones that appear more recently in our evolutionary history

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16
Q

given proper education and environment, _______ can suppress _______ during the adolescent period

A

ontogeny, phylogeny

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17
Q

what is Hull’s overall idea?

A

we move from animal like behaviours/thinking abilities to higher order ones (thus recapitulating phylogeny)

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18
Q

what are some of the criticisms of Hull’s account for storm and stress?

A

actual occurrence has been exaggerated, majority of teens don’t experience storm and stress, studies of family relations and changes of emotion over time don’t support that adolescence is a universally difficult period, because it is expected parents overanalyse their teens behaviours and emotions, stressful for some but not for all

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19
Q

behaviour results from interactions between a person and their environment = what and who’s theory?

A

Lewin’s Field theory

20
Q

what does B = F (P,E) mean?

A

behaviour (B) is a function (F) of an interaction between a person (P) and their environment (E)

21
Q

combination of all factors that influence behaviour at any time =

A

life space

22
Q

what can different factors be divided up into?

A

different life space regions

23
Q

regions are separated by permeable boundaries that respond to what?

A

individual characteristics, needs, perceptions of the environment

24
Q

number of regions =

A

complexity of the individual

25
Q

permeability of boundaries =

A

degree that different regions interact/talk to each other

26
Q

what happens when a region is activated?

A

puts the region under tension which alters boundary paths, valences (emotions) and goals of the particular region

27
Q

give examples of some regions of the environment?

A

home, family, religion, abstract concepts

28
Q

are boundaries separate or can they overlap?

A

they can do both

29
Q

regions within the linespace have _______ or _______ properties and ________ or _______ valences

A

attracting, repulsive, positive, negative

30
Q

movement towards or away from a valences region =

A

locomotion

31
Q

what does Lewin’s theory suggest happens when conflicts arise?

A

different goals compete for locomotion, when goals carry both + and - valences

32
Q

what happens in the life space as a person ages?

A

more regions, boundaries between regions become less permeable

33
Q

how is change in the linespace characterised in adolescence?

A

increased locomotion from one region to another

34
Q

why do adolescents show increased locomotion?

A

widening of the lifespace > new cognitively unstructured situations > in between being a child and an adult

35
Q

what are the effects of shifting in locomotion into unknown regions?

A

behavioural uncertainty occurs, emotional instability and sensitivity, prone to imbalances in behaviour

36
Q

what does Lewis argue to be the 2 key changes in teen years?

A

locomotion toward cognitively unstructured regions, familiar regions change (physical = growth/puberty, relationships with family/friends)

37
Q

difficult period of transitioning from a child to adult group membership =

A

social locomotion

38
Q

what are the effects of social locomotion?

A

feel confused in intermediate phase, don’t belong to either group completely

39
Q

what do time allocation patterns of teens provide insight into?

A

individual value systems and life goals

40
Q

what are the criticisms with Lewis’s field theory and concept of life space?

A

very subjective, can’t be tested well, how are different regions defined? very complex

41
Q

in adolescence, what may their time allocation reflect?

A

their social-cognitive development

42
Q

race and ethnic background are associated with?

A

different time allocation to various activities

43
Q

what is time allocation of teens in different races/ethnic backgrounds dependent on?

A

country, culture, SES

44
Q

it has been shown that unless leisure is optimally arousing it is perceived as?

A

boredom

45
Q

what is leisure boredom found in rural youth associated with?

A

substance use and deliquency

46
Q

what did Vazsony find in his countries time allocation study?

A

most teens spend most time on their own than interacting with people, Hungarian teens spend more time with family, dutch teens spend more time in solitary activities

developmental 2 (9 decks)

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