Social Differentiation Flashcards
(17 cards)
define social differentiation
the process by which different statuses develop in any group, organisation or society
what are the four areas of social differentiation within a level pe?
- gender issues
- ethnic minority / racial discrimination
- socio economically deprived
- disability within sport
define social stratification
the development of unequal layers based on factors such as income, education, status and power
OR
the idea that people are divided into hierarchies, where some are deemed as more important than others
barriers to participation can be split into how many areas?
TWO
- discrimination of minority groups (class, gender, race, age, disability)
- socio cultural and economic factors
list the socio cultural and economic factors that can create barriers to participation (8)
- time and work commitments
- ethnicity and cultural expectations
- education
- finance (income)
- facilities
- transport
- age
- geographic location
how has it been proven that economic privilege can be an advantage in high level sport?
more than a third of british medal winners in the 2012 london olympics were from private schools, which educate 7% of the overall UK shool population
discrimination occurs when… (2)
- the opportunities available to the dominant group are not available to all social groups
- prejudice is acted upon ; it can be overt (restricting membership access to golf clubs) or covert (relating to an individual’s deep seated beliefs)
there are three main constraints to access to participation
what are they?
- opportunity
- provision
- esteem
opportunity
influenced by… (3)
to participate fully in all sports, excel at them and develop careers in them
influenced by…
socio-economic background
geographic location
work or school commitments
provision
influenced by… (3)
of equal facilities, financial aid, coaching and representative opportunities
influenced by…
government or local investment
school provision
community initiatives
esteem
affected by… (4)
seen through an acceptance of equal opportunity, comparable media coverage / recognition and financial reward
affected by…
body image issues
past negative experiences
peer pressure
lack of role models
what are the barriers to participation for women in sport? (4)
stereotypes and cultural expectations
sport historically seen as male dominated
women may face judgement or feel unwelcome
media representation
less than 10% of sports media coverage is devoted to women
lack of role models
fewer high profile female athletes
facilities and access
less provision for female-only sessions or changing facilities
what are the strategies to overcome the barriers against women in sport? (5)
sport england’s “this girl can” campaign
launched in 2015
inspired over 3 million
increased media coverage
women’s euros 2022 final drew 17.4 million UK TV viewers
more role models
rise of athletes like chloe kelly, emma raducanu, ilona maher
funding for female teams
barclays sponsor of girls’ football school partnerships
female only sessions
gym and sport clubs offering female-only times
what are the barriers to participation for ethnic minorities in sport? (5)
cultural and religious expectations
clothing requirements or gender segregation in some cultures
racism and discrimination
both overt an systemic barriers in access and selection
lack of representation
underrepresentation in coaching and leadership roles
economic factors
lower income levels can limit access to equipment, facilities etc
lack of community facilities
some areas with high minority populations lack accessible sports facilities
what are the strategies to overcome the barriers against ethnic minorities in sport? (5)
faith and culture-sensitive provision
muslim girls fence (combining sport with identity empowerment)
sporting equals
uk charity promoting ethnic diversity in sport ; provides data, funding, and awareness
more diverse leadership
ECB (england and wales cricket board) introduced inclusion action plans and anti-racism training
FA’s “bringing opportunities to communities”
2021 strategy to engage with diverse communities
targeted funding
projects like “active communities” by sport england targeting deprived and diverse areas
what are the barriers to participation for disabled in sport? (3)
lack of accessible facilities
only 18% of UK sports facilities were fully accessible in a 2019 audit
**limited programmes
few inclusive teams or adaptive sports programmes
cost of equipment
adaptive equipment is expensive
what are the strategies to overcome the barriers against ethnic minorities in sport? (3)
paralympic games impact
london 2012 raised awareness and funding ; legacy projects like “inspire a generation”
funding support
wheelpower, activity alliance, and sport england fund inclusive clubs and equipment
inclusive sports programmes
boccia, wheelchair basketball, powerchair football - adapted games promoted in schools
