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MSPT 1 Module 1 > Soft tissue injury > Flashcards

Soft tissue injury Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Types of soft tissue

A

neurological
contractile
inert

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2
Q

examples of neurological tissue

A

nerve roots and trunks
peripheral nerves

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3
Q

examples of contractile tissue

A

muscles
tendons

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4
Q

examples of inert tissue

A

ligaments
capsule
fascia

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5
Q

how can nerve injury be caused?

A

compression
stretch/traction
friction
cold
electrical

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6
Q

Presentation of a LMN lesion

A

flaccidity
hypo/areflexia
hypotonicity
fasciculations
weakness/atrophy specific to nerve
+ reflex on one side

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7
Q

Presentation of a UMN lesion

A

spasticity
hyperreflexia
hypertonicity
weakness
bilateral babinski
absent/reduced superficial reflex

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8
Q

Clinical conditions from soft tissue injury

A

joint dysfunction
adhesions
reflex muscle guarding
intrinsic muscle spasm
weakness
myofascial compartment syndrome
contracture

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9
Q

Grade 1 soft tissue lesion

A

first degree

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10
Q

Grade 2 soft tissue lesion

A

second degree

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11
Q

Grade 3 soft tissue lesion

A

third degree

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12
Q

Strains are relevant to what type of soft tissue?

A

muscles and tendons

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13
Q

Sprains are relevant to what type of soft tissue?

A

ligaments

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14
Q

tendonitis

A

acute injury to tendon

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15
Q

tendonosis

A

degeneration of tendon

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16
Q

Criterion for west point ankle sprain grading system

A

location of tenderness
edema and ecchymosis
weight bearing ability
ligament damage
instability

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17
Q

Grade 1 Ankle Sprain

A

ATF ligament
Slight and local edema and ecchymosis
full/partial WB
stretched ligament
no instability

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18
Q

Grade 2 Ankle Sprain

A

ATF & CF ligaments
Moderate and local edema and ecchymosis
WB is difficult w/o crutches
partial tear to ligament
none or slight instability

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19
Q

Grade 3 Ankle Sprain

A

ATF, CF, & PTF ligaments
Significant and diffuse edema and ecchymosis
WB is too painful and impossible
Complete tear of ligament
Definite instibility

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20
Q

Acute stage of tissue healing

A

reaction and inflammation
lasts 4-6 days

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21
Q

Subacute stage of tissue healing

A

proliferation, repair and healing
14-21 days after onset of injury
lasts 10-17 days

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22
Q

Subacute stage of tissue healing may last longer in what types of tissues

A

those with limited circulation such as tendons
may last up to 6 weeks

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23
Q

Chronic stage of tissue healing

A

Maturation and remodeling
6 weeks-1 year

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24
Q

Reflection of tissue irritability in acute stage

Study These Flashcards
A

highly irrtable

25
Reflection of tissue irritability in subacute stage
moderately irritable
26
Reflection of tissue irritability in chronic stage
minimally irritable
27
Reflection of tissue irritability in chronic pain syndrome
variable irritability
28
Acute stage during the second to fourth days after injury:
inflammation decreases, clot resolves and repair begins
29
During the acute stage, what begins at day ~5?
myofibroblastic activity begins leading to scar shrinkage (contraction)
30
When can scar shrinkage limit range of motion?
If not moving within ~1 week
31
What occurs during the subacute stage?
noxious stimuli removed capillary beds grow in area fibroblasts produce collagen to replace exudate that formed in clot
32
Wound closure time frame for muscle and skin?
5-8 days
33
Wound closure time frame in tendons and ligaments?
3-6 weeks
34
Organization of immature connective tissue
unorganized and thin fragile and can be injured
35
Stimulation of proper growth and alignment of tissue?
appropriate tensile loading in line of normal stress and adherence to surrounding tissues minimized
36
What occurs during chronic stage
Scar retraction and stops increasing in size collagen fibers thickens in response to stress avoid contractures/adhesions
37
Acute phase requires:
maximum protection
38
Subacute stage requires:
moderate protection/controlled motion
39
Chronic stage requires:
minimum to no protection/return to function
40
How is remodeling time influenced?
Factors affecting density and activity level of fibroblasts time immobilized stress on tissue location of lesion vascular supply
41
Tissue response from repetitive stress:
chronic inflammation
42
causes of chronic inflammation
overuse cumulative trauma repetitive strain reinjury of old scar contracture/poor mobility
43
contributing factors of chronic inflammation
co-morbidities poor rehab
44
Musculoskeletal Pain
sharp, superficial WITH movement aggravated by mechanical stress associated with trauma/overuse lessens @ night
45
Systemic Pain
Deep aching throb reduced by pressure constant waves of pain and spasm NOT affected by movement progressive symptoms disturbs sleep
46
What is systemic pain associated with?
Jaundice, migratory arthralgias, skin rash, fatigue, weight loss, low grade fever, weakness, signs of infection
47
Musculoskeletal Pain results from
specific musculoskeletal structures such as bone, nerve, or muscle
48
Pain with activity that decreases with rest indicates mechanical pain from:
Something being pinched, stretched, or contracted
49
Pain and stiffness in the morning that improves with activity, usually indicates:
Chronic inflammation & edema that decreases with activity
50
Pain that is not affected by rest or activity indicates:
Bone pain, organic/system disorders, or other severe pathology
51
Pain and aching that increases as the day progresses indicates:
Congestion/swelling in the joint from overstress
52
causes of active movement abnormalities
pain muscle weakness muscle paralysis muscle spasm tight/shortened structures altered length/tension relationships neuromuscular factors joint muscle interaction
53
Patterns of inert tissue lesions
look for capsular patterns pain and limited ROM in all directions pain and excessive or limited ROM
54
Abnormal end feels
spasm spasticity capsular bone to bone empty springy block
55
Noncapsular patterns
movement in one direction limited (impingement) Internal derangement (meniscus) Extra-articular lesion (adhesions)
56
Empty end feel
described as limiting pain before end ROM is reached but with no resistance perceived by examiner
57
differential diagnosis of noncapsular pattern of the hip
may be a sign of pathology other than a joint problem associated with osteoarthritis
58
differential diagnosis of empty end feel
indicator of potentially serious disease such as infection or neoplasm

MSPT 1 Module 1 (12 decks)

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