what are the 4 components of soil? (BAMM)
- bacteria and organic materials
- air
- minerals
- moisture
what are bacteria and organic materials?
dead plants and animals decompose
what is air?
small air pockets in soil allow roots to spread and soil to drain
where do minerals come from?
parent rock deposited by wind, glaciers, rivers, etc
what is moisture?
water taken up by plants necessary for survival and chemical, physical processes
name the 4 layers of soil in descending order
humus
topsoil
subsoil
bedrock
what is humus?
organic layer
leaf litter
what is topsoil?
dark brown/black
nutrient rich
what is subsoil?
organic layer
minerals
what is bedrock?
where minerals form
more pressure = _____ rock
harder
what are the 3 main types of vegetation in canada?
- tundra
- forest
- grasslands
where is the tundra?
north
how is the tundra marked?
by the tree line
why are the tundra growing conditions bad?
permafrost
what are the 2 types of forests in canada?
- boreal
- taiga
what kind of trees are in the north?
coniferous
what kind of trees are in the south?
deciduous
what are grasslands?
prairies and grass
are there many trees in the grasslands?
no
where are the deep root systems?
grasslands
which area is drought resistant?
grasslands
