Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) (obj 2.2) Flashcards
(21 cards)
What does Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevent in network traffic?
Loops in network traffic
STP is also known as 802.1d.
What are the key benefits of using STP?
- Enables redundant links between switches
- Prevents broadcast storms
- Ensures network availability
What can occur in a network without STP?
Switching loops and broadcast storms
Define a broadcast storm.
Multiple copies of frames being forwarded back and forth, consuming the network
What are the main components of STP functionality?
- Root bridge
- Non-root bridges
What is a root bridge in STP?
A switch elected to act as a reference point for the entire spanning tree
How is the root bridge elected?
Based on the lowest Bridge ID (BID)
What constitutes a Bridge ID (BID)?
- A priority value
- A MAC address
Who are non-root bridges in STP?
Every other switch on the STP topology
What is a root port?
The single port on a non-root bridge closest to the root bridge in terms of cost
How is the cost of a port determined in STP?
- Cable types
- The lowest port number on the switch will be chosen
- Faster cables result in lower cost
- Slower cables result in higher cost
What is a designated port?
The port on every network segment closest to the root bridge in terms of cost
What role does a non-designated port play in STP?
Blocks traffic to prevent loops
What are the states of STP ports?
- Blocking
- Listening
- Learning
- Forwarding
What happens in the blocking state of an STP port?
Stops forwarding frames
What does an STP port in the listening state do?
Learns MAC addresses but does not forward frames
Describe the learning state of an STP port.
Processes BPDU and determines role in spanning tree
What occurs in the forwarding state of an STP port?
Forwards frames as designated or root port
What is link cost associated with in STP?
Link speed
In terms of link cost, what is true about lower speed?
Higher cost
In terms of link cost, what is true about higher speed?
Lower cost
