Sparta at war 4.1

Question 1

helots

Answer 1

A large class of enslaved native inhabitants Messenia and Laconia who worked for the Spartan masters

Question 2

perioeci

Answer 2

A class of people who lived in scattered less photo parts of Spartan territory

Question 3

agoge

Answer 3

The training school that all Spartan boys attended from the age of 7

Question 4

krypteia

Answer 4

A period of survival training for the strongest Spartans in their mid to late teens

Question 5

syssitia

Answer 5

Dining clubs of about 15 Spartan citizens who met every evening and shared a tent together on campaign

Question 6

hoplite

Answer 6

A heavily armed Greek infantry soldier who fought in the phalanx

Question 7

Huawei were the boys in the agoge only given 1 cloak and no shoes

Answer 7

Helped foster a sense of equality in the boys and allowed them to run faster and scale cliffs

Question 8

What was the opinion on stealing food

Answer 8

The boys were encouraged to steal got punished for getting caught

Question 9

What did the Spartan have to do to obtain full citizenship

Answer 9

He had to be elected into one of the dining clubs

Question 10

What would a typical Spartan hoplites equipment B

Answer 10

A tunic over which a Caritas of bronze protected the torso on his legs bronze Greaves and leather boots and a helmet. He would be equipped with a shield spear and sword

Question 12

phalanx

Answer 12

A Greek rectangular fighting formation in which men fought in massed ranks and tried to force their way through the enemy phalanx opposing them

Question 13

mora

Answer 13

A name for a Spartan army regiment

Question 14

enomotia

Answer 14

A swarm band the smallest unit of the Spartan army

Question 15

taxiarch

Answer 15

A senior commander in the Spartan army

Question 16

tresaantes

Answer 16

Tremblers Spartans who had deserted in battle and so had been disproved of citizenship

Question 17

xerxes

Answer 17

The Persian king and leader of the invasion in 480 BC

Question 18

leonidas

Answer 18

The Spartan king who led the Greek allies at thermopylae

Question 19

demaratus

Answer 19

A former Spartan king who had defected to the persians

Question 20

ephialtes

Answer 20

A local Greek who told SRX is about the mounting path to the other side of the past at thermopylae

Question 21

dienekes

Answer 21

One of the 300 Spartans who was remembered for his brave comments before the battle began

Question 22

How do we know about the battle of thermopylae

Answer 22

Herodotus who was writing years after the battle

Question 23

Why is the thermopylae called thermopylae

Answer 23

it literally means hot gates since the area contained Hot Springs

Question 24

What was Sparta’s military reputation in ancient Greece?

Answer 24

Sparta was known as a highly disciplined and powerful military state, with one of the best-trained armies in Greece.

Question 25

What was the Spartan agoge?

Answer 25

A rigorous education and training system that all male Spartan citizens went through to become disciplined warriors.

Question 26

What were the roles of the two Spartan kings?

Answer 26

They led the army in war, conducted religious duties, and held some political power, though limited by other institutions.

Question 27

What was the Gerousia?

Answer 27

The Spartan council of elders, including the two kings and 28 men over 60, which proposed laws and advised on policy.

Question 29

What was the Battle of Thermopylae (480 BCE)?

Answer 29

A famous battle where 300 Spartans, led by King Leonidas, held off the Persian army for three days, showing Spartan bravery.

Question 30

What was Sparta’s role in the Persian Wars?

Answer 30

Sparta led the Greek resistance with a strong land force, winning key battles like Plataea in 479 BCE.

Question 31

What was the Peloponnesian League?

Answer 31

An alliance led by Sparta, including many Peloponnesian city-states, formed to counter threats like Athens.

Question 32

What caused the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE)?

Answer 32

Rising tensions between the Athenian Empire and Sparta’s Peloponnesian League, especially due to Athens' growing power and aggression.

Question 34

What role did Lysander play in the war?

Answer 34

He was a key Spartan naval commander who secured the final victory over Athens and installed the Thirty Tyrants.

Question 35

What were the consequences of Sparta's victory in 404 BCE?

Answer 35

Sparta became the dominant power in Greece, but its harsh treatment of former allies led to resentment and future conflict.

Question 36

Why did Sparta's dominance not last long after 404 BCE?

Answer 36

Its rigid system couldn't adapt to changing times, and other city-states soon challenged its authority (e.g., Thebes at Leuctra in 371 BCE).