Special Senses

Question 1

sensation

Answer 1

• conscious subconscious awareness of external/internal stimuli
• uninterpreted form of stimulus

Question 2

perception

Answer 2

conscious awareness and interpretation of a sensation when sensory information reaches cortex

Question 3

pathway of detection to interpretation

Answer 3

• stimulation
• transduction
• impulse generation & conduction
• integration

Question 4

exteroceptors

Answer 4

• surface of body

- information external environment

Question 5

interoceptors

Answer 5

• visceral organs/blood vessels

- information internal enviroment

Question 6

proprioceptors

Answer 6

• body/joint position

- inner ear, muscles, tendons, articulation

Question 7

nociceptors

Answer 7

pain stimulus

Question 8

chemoreceptors

Answer 8

changes in chemical concentrations

Question 9

mechanoreceptors

Answer 9

mechanical pressure/stretching

Question 10

sensory adaptaion

Answer 10

• change in sensitivity to a stimulus

- prevents sensory overload

Question 11

4 modalities of somatic sensation

Answer 11

• tactile
• thermal
• pain
• proprioceptive

Question 12

meissners corpuscles

Answer 12

fine touch

Question 13

pacinian corpuscles

Answer 13

pressure

Question 14

proprioception

Answer 14

appreciation of of kinesthesia (body position)

Question 15

gustation

Answer 15

• taste

- %80 of taste result of olfaction (smell)

Question 16

external ear (auricle)

Answer 16

funnel collects sound waves channeling them towards middle ear

Question 17

ceruminous glands

Answer 17

ear wax

Question 18

tympanic membrane

Answer 18

• marks end of external ear

- seperates external ear to middle ear

Question 19

middle ear

Answer 19

-tympanic cavity

Question 20

ossicles

Answer 20

3 small bones extending across middle ear

-connects tympanic membrane to oval window

Question 21

oval window

Answer 21

• in*

- opening between middle and inner ear

Question 22

eustachian (auditory) tube

Answer 22

extends from middle ear to pharynx

-equalizes pressure across tympanic membrane

Question 23

bony labrynth

Answer 23

-perilymph

Question 24

membraneous labyrinth

Answer 24

-endolymph

Question 25

semicircular canals

Answer 25

contains ampulla responsible for dynamic equilibrium

Question 26

vestibule

Answer 26

- connects canals/cochlea, responsible for static equilibrium - utricle saccule

Question 27

scala media

Answer 27

contains organ of court

Question 28

air conduction

Answer 28

outer ear

Question 29

bone donduction

Answer 29

middle ear

Question 30

fluid conduction

Answer 30

inner ear

Question 31

vestibular apparatus

Answer 31

collective structures affording equilibrium

Question 32

nerves synapse with?

Answer 32

neurons located in medulla oblongata/pons

Question 33

eyelids (palpebral)

Answer 33

open closing eye

Question 34

hair follicle sebaceous glands..

Answer 34

lubricate fluid onto cilia

Question 35

ciliary muscle of the eye

Answer 35

focusing

Question 36

iris muscle

Answer 36

dilation/constriction

Question 37

lacrimal glands

Answer 37

secrete lacrimal fluid (1cc a day)

Question 38

lacrimal ducts

Answer 38

drain glands

Question 39

tears

Answer 39

clean lubricate moisten cornea

Question 40

conjunctiva

Answer 40

vascular mucus membrane - palpebral: thicker portion - bulbar: thinner transparent (cornealscleral, uveal, retinal)

Question 41

cornea

Answer 41

admit/refract light rays entering globe

Question 42

sclera

Answer 42

- white of the eye | - provide shape support protection to inner eye

Question 43

vascular tunic

Answer 43

- iris - cilary body (aqueous humor) - choroid: absorption of light rays

Question 44

pigmented epitheium

Answer 44

absorbs scattered light rays within globe

Question 45

rods

Answer 45

black and white color

Question 46

cones

Answer 46

color

Question 47

crystalline lens

Answer 47

focus light rays to a focal point

Question 48

tonometry

Answer 48

diagnose glaucoma

Question 49

conjunctivitis

Answer 49

inflammation of conjunctiva

Question 50

cataracts

Answer 50

progressive opacity of eyes

Question 51

glaucoma

Answer 51

increased intraoccular pressure by excessive aqueous humor

Question 52

strabismus

Answer 52

deviation of one eye

Question 53

diplopia

Answer 53

double vision

Question 54

amblyopia

Answer 54

suppression of image from affected eye

Question 55

retinal detachment

Answer 55

vitreous humor allowed to flow behind loosened retinal portion

Question 56

otitis media

Answer 56

infection/inflammation of middle ear cavity

Question 57

otosclerosis

Answer 57

unbalanced bone formation, excessive bone in middle ear

Question 58

menieres

Answer 58

inner ear labyrinth disorder adults 30-50

Question 59

stye

Answer 59

external hordeolum

Question 60

chalazion

Answer 60

internal hordeolum

Question 61

myopia

Answer 61

see near, not far

Question 62

hyperopia

Answer 62

far not near

Question 63

lysozyme

Answer 63

antibacterial agent found in tears