Sperm and Oocyte transport

Question 1

teasing

Answer 1

sexual preparation prior to ejaculation

Question 2

purpose of teasing

Answer 2

improves concentration of sperm and improve quality of ejaculation/ejaculate

Question 3

process of ejaculation

Answer 3

1. intromission
2. sensory stimulation of glans penis
3. contraction of urethralis, bulvospongious and ischiocavernous muscles
4. expulsion of semen

Question 4

what are two major ejaculatory stimulates

Answer 4

• temp
• pressure

Question 5

steps to sperm transport

Answer 5

1. immediate transport
   2 cervix
2. uterus
3. oviduct

Question 6

what directions can sperm move

Answer 6

forward or backward

Question 7

retrograde loss

Answer 7

sperm are moving the wrong way
- usually backwards because they would fall out

Question 8

what are the parts to immediate transport

Answer 8

• retrograde loss
• phagocytosis
• entrance into cervix/uterus

Question 9

os

Answer 9

opening

Question 10

1st physical barrier of sperm transport

Answer 10

external cervical os

Question 11

what are the entrances into cervix/uterus

Answer 11

• internal cervical os
• external cervical os

Question 12

what leads to mucus production in cervix

Answer 12

estradiol caused by high levels of estrus

Question 13

what are the two types of mucus

Answer 13

1. sulfomucin
2. sialomucin

Question 14

sulfomucin

Answer 14

• high viscosity
• produced by top of folds

Question 15

sialomucin

Answer 15

• low viscosity
• produced by bottom of folds

Question 16

which type of mucus can sperm travel through better in cervix

Answer 16

sialomucin

Question 17

what are the parts to cervix in sperm transport

Answer 17

• privileged pathways
• removal of non-motile sperm
• removal of some abnormalities

Question 18

what are the privileged pathways

Answer 18

the different types of mucus

Question 19

what occurs during uterus step in sperm transport

Answer 19

phagocytosis

Question 20

2nd physical barrier to sperm transport

Answer 20

oviduct

Question 21

parts to oviduct step in sperm transport

Answer 21

• capacitation
• hyperactive motility

Question 22

capacitated sperm are capable of

Answer 22

fertilization

Question 23

isthmus

Answer 23

ability to create a sperm gradient
- reduces amount of sperm transported

Question 24

small narrow opening of uterine horn

Answer 24

utero-tubal junction

Question 25

in isthmus, how is a sperm reservoir created

Answer 25

- sperm bind to epithelial lining - sperm rest on epithelial lining - travel in waves when leave reservoir

Question 26

what is the purpose of the sperm reservoir

Answer 26

where sperm will get energy back

Question 27

what is the job of seminal plasmid fluid

Answer 27

decapacitate sperm

Question 28

how does seminal plasmid decapacitate sperm

Answer 28

- coats sperm membrane with proteins - cover sperm membrane molecules - sperm become inactive

Question 29

when does capacitation need to occur

Answer 29

before fertilization

Question 30

how does capacitation work

Answer 30

- contact to uterine and oviducal fluid - removes seminal plasma coating - activates membranes

Question 31

what occurs after capacitance has occurred

Answer 31

- increase in O2 uptake by sperm - increase in flagellar activity

Question 32

how does extra O2 intake affect sperm motility

Answer 32

go from forward progressive to bobbing

Question 33

how does increase flagellar activity affect sperm motility

Answer 33

hyperactive motility

Question 34

why do sperm need to be decapacitated until reaching the cervix

Answer 34

increased flagellar activity anywhere but oviduct will cause the sperm to die

Question 35

characteristics of estrus

Answer 35

- high estradiol - smooth muscle contraction - keep gamete's in oviduct

Question 36

what does estrus maximize

Answer 36

change for sperm and egg to meet

Question 37

characteristics of diestrus

Answer 37

- high progesterone - smooth muscle inhibition - opens oviduct

Question 38

where does hen keep sperm

Answer 38

sperm storage tubules