Spinal cord and Meninges

Question 1

what is the spinal cord

Answer 1

part of CNS

major reflex center and conduction pathway between body and brain

Question 2

where does the spinal cord begin and end

Answer 2

at medulla oblongata

end at L1/L2 vertebral level

Question 3

how many pairs of spinal nerves exit the spinal cord

Answer 3

31

Question 4

vertebral canal grows and spinal cord ends at L1-L2 level in adults
remaining spinal nerves form cauda equina

Answer 4

ggg

Question 5

whats the conus medullarise

Answer 5

conical inferior end of spinal cord L1/2

Question 6

whats the cauda equina

Answer 6

bundle of spinal nerve roots

resemble horse tail

Question 7

whats the filum terminale

Answer 7

continuation of pia mater

Question 8

whats the dural cistern

Answer 8

dilated dural sac

ends at S2 vertebral level

Question 9

what is the grey matter

Answer 9

H shaped

cell bodies located here

Question 10

what is the white matter

Answer 10

axons

Question 11

what are nissl bodies

Answer 11

rough endoplasmic reticulum in cell bodies

Question 12

where do spinal nerves exit from

Answer 12

the intervertebral foramen

Question 13

what forms nerve plexus that supply the limbs

Answer 13

ventral rami

Question 14

what nerve plexus supplies upper limb and lower

Answer 14

brachial plexus to upper

lumbosacral to lower

Question 15

what are meninges

Answer 15

surround and support spinal cord

Question 16

what are the layers of meninges

Answer 16

dura mater (outer)
arachnoid
pia mater

Question 17

where is cerebrospinal fluid in the meninges

Answer 17

between arachnoid and pia mater

Question 18

what is the dural sac

Answer 18

dura mater that terminates at S2

attached to tip of coccyx by filum terminale externum

Question 19

how is the sac connected to the coccyx

Answer 19

by filum terminale externum

Question 20

what part of the spinal cord has sympathetic outflow and where are the cell bodies located

Answer 20

T1-L2

cell bodies in lateral horn of grey matter

Question 21

what part of the spinal cord has parasympathetic outflow

Answer 21

craniosacral
cranial from brain
pelciv splanchnic nerve S2-S4

Question 22

what is the venous drainage of the spinal cord

Answer 22

internal vertebral venous plexus, drains to cerebral dural venous sinuses

Question 23

cord compression from disc prolapse or bone metastasis from primary cancer/stenosis of vertebral canal = loss of motor function

Answer 23

ggg

Question 24

where can lumbar puncture be done

Answer 24

L3-L4
L4-L5
subarachnoid space
collect CSF

Question 25

where is epidural anaesthesia injected

Answer 25

epidural space