Spinal Cord Lab

Question 1

Spinal cord is ____

Answer 1

the continuation of the brainstem

Question 2

Gray matter is

Answer 2

Synapses
Interneurons
The interior portion of the cord

Question 3

Gray matter has what 4 parts

Answer 3

1) Posterior horn
2) Lateral horn
3) Anterior horn
4) Gray commisure

Question 4

Range of spinal cord

Answer 4

Foramen magnum - L2

Question 5

5 Segments of the spinal cord

Answer 5

1) Cervical
2) Thoracic
3) Lumbar
4) Sacral
5) Coccygeal

Question 6

Where are the enlarged sections of the spinal cord?

Answer 6

1) Cervical enlargement (more gray matter for arm movement)

2) Lumbosacral enlargement (more gray matter for leg movement)

Question 7

Cone shaped segment? Where is it located?

Answer 7

Conus medullaris

@ L1

Question 8

“Horse tail” after conus medullaris

Answer 8

Cauda equina

Question 9

What is the ligament that anchors the spinal cord vertically?
Location? What is it made of?

Answer 9

Filum terminale
Conus medullaris to coccyx
Pia mater

Question 10

What supports the spinal cord laterally?

Answer 10

Denticulate ligament

Question 11

2 indents of the spinal cord

Answer 11

1) Posterior median SULCUS (deeper but narrower)

2) Anterior median FISSURE (notice this isn’t as deep but it is wider)

Question 12

Order cross sections by largest to smallest diameter

Answer 12

1) Cervical
2) Lumbar
3) Thoracic
4) Sacral

Question 13

Dorsal horn

Answer 13

AKA Posterior
Sensory axons
Cell bodies of interneurons
Both SOMATIC and VISCERAL sensory nuclei

Question 14

Ventral horn

Answer 14

AKA Anterior
SOMATIC motor nuclei
Controls Skeletal muscles

Question 15

Lateral horn

Answer 15

AUTONOMIC motor nuclei

Controls CARDIAC and SMOOTH muscles and GLANDS

Question 16

Gray commissure

Answer 16

The gray matter surrounding the CENTRAL CANAL

Question 17

What is in the Central Canal?

Answer 17

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 18

What are the ascending and descending tracts of white matter called?

Answer 18

Funiculi

Question 19

4 Parts of White matter

Answer 19

1) Anterior (ventral) Funiculi
2) Posterior (dorsal) Funiculi
3) Lateral Funiculi
4) Anterior white commissure

Question 20

Where is the anterior white commissure located?

Answer 20

Between Anterior median fissure and the Gray commissure

Question 21

What is between bone and dura mater? What is located there?

Answer 21

EPIDURAL SPACE
Blood vessels
Areolar CT
Adipose CT

Question 22

3 Types of Spinal Meninges (outermost to deepest)

Answer 22

1) Dura mater
2) Arachnoid mater
3) Pia mater

Question 23

Where is a local anesthetic administered?

Answer 23

Epidural Space

Question 24

What is Dura mater made of?

Answer 24

DENSE Collegen Fibers

Question 25

Where is general anesthetic administered?

Answer 25

In the CSF of the SUBARACHNOID SPACE because the CSF continues throughout the body

Question 26

What 2 aspects of the spinal cord are made of Pia mater?

Answer 26

1) Denticulate ligament | 2) Filum terminale

Question 27

Which spinal meninges have blood vessels in them?

Answer 27

Pia mater | Dura mater

Question 28

3 coverings of the Spinal Nerves (outermost to deepest)

Answer 28

1) Epineurium (loose areolar CT) 2) Perineurium (dense irregular CT) 3) Endoneurium (dense regular CT?)

Question 29

How many Spinal Nerves

Answer 29

31 PAIRS of MIXED nerves

Question 30

How many Cervical Nerves? Vertebrae #?

Answer 30

8 | C1-C8

Question 31

How many Thoracic Nerves? Vertebrae #?

Answer 31

12 | T1-T12

Question 32

How many Lumbar Nerves? Vertebrae #?

Answer 32

5 | L1-L5

Question 33

How many Sacral Nerves? Vertebrae #?

Answer 33

5 | S1-S5

Question 34

How many Coccygeal Nerves? Vertebrae #?

Answer 34

1 | Co1

Question 35

6 Parts of a Spinal Nerve

Answer 35

1) Dorsal root 2) Dorsal root ganglion 3) Ventral root 4) Dorsal Ramus 5) Ventral Ramus 6) Rami Communicantes

Question 36

Dorsal Root

Answer 36

Back portion Has Dorsal root ganglion on it SENSORY / Afferent

Question 37

Dorsal Root Ganglion

Answer 37

Cell bodies of UNIPOLAR SENSORY neurons

Question 38

Ventral Root

Answer 38

Front portion | MULTIPOLAR MOTOR / Efferent neurons

Question 39

Dorsal Ramus

Answer 39

Posterior branch of nerve | Small and points back

Question 40

Ventral Ramus

Answer 40

Anterior branch of nerve | Bigger part of nerve and looks more lateral

Question 41

Rami Communicantes

Answer 41

Branch off rami for innervation of AUTONOMIC effectors

Question 42

Example of Cervical Plexus Location Function

Answer 42

Phrenic nerve C3-C5 Innervates diaphragm

Question 43

Example of Brachial Plexus Location Function

Answer 43

Ulnar nerve (funny bone) C5 - T1 Innervates outside of lower arm

Question 44

Example of Lumbar Plexus Location Function

Answer 44

L1-L4 | Innervates skin and muscle of abdominopelvic region

Question 45

Example of Sacral Plexus Location Function

Answer 45

Sciatic nerve L4-L5, S1-4 Longest in body Butt, perineum, back of thigh, leg and foot

Question 46

Dermatome

Answer 46

Region of SKIN innervated by a single spinal nerve