spinal info - bony prominences, lower/upper cross syndrome

Question 1

what are the ligaments of the cervical spine?

Answer 1

anterior longitudinal ligament

posterior longitudinal ligament

interspinous ligament

supraspinous ligament

intertransverse ligament

ligamentum flavum

nuchal ligament

Question 2

what are the bony prominences in the cervical spine?

Answer 2

SP of C2 - C7
TP
facet joints
occipital protuberance
hyoid
mastoid process

Question 3

what are the types of joints in the cervical spine?

Answer 3

C1 and C2 are atlantoaxial joints
C1 - atlas
C2 - axis and no disc

C2 - C7
discs are cartilaginous
facets are gliding

Question 4

what are the types of joints in the thoracic spine?

Answer 4

thoracic vertebrae
costochondral joints
scapula-thoracic joint
sternocostal joints

Question 5

what are the bony prominences in the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 5

SP - T1 - T12 - muscle and ligament attachments and provides protection

TP - T1 - T12 - muscle and ligament attachments

facet joints - gliding joints, superior and inferior articular surfaces, provides support, movement and protection

sternum - manubrium, body, xiphoid process

ribs - 1 - 12 - each side

scapular - medial border, inferior angle and spine of scapular

clavicle

coracoid process

Question 6

what are the ligaments of the thoracic spine?

Answer 6

anterior longitudinal ligament

posterior longitudinal ligament

interspinous ligament

supraspinous ligament

intertransverse ligament

ligamentum flavum

costotransverse ligaments (between
the ribs)

radiate ligaments (around the head of the ribs)

Question 7

what type of joints are in the lumbar spine?

Answer 7

disc joint - cartilaginous
facet joint - plane/gliding

sacroiliac joint - sacrum and ilium and is plane/gliding joint with irregular surfaces

Question 8

what are the bony prominences in the lumbar spine?

Answer 8

SP
TP
facet joints
sacrum
ilium

Question 9

what are the ligaments in the lumbar spine?

Answer 9

anterior longitudinal ligament
posterior longitudinal ligament
interspinous ligament
supraspinous ligament
intertransverse ligament
ligamentum flavum
anterior sacroiliac ligament
posterior sacroiliac ligament

Question 10

what are the main descriptions about intervertebral discs?

Answer 10

• shock absorption
• thicker at the front
• gives curvature to the spine
• cervical and lumbar discs are thicker due to mobility
• discs have a thin layer of hyaline cartilage on the vertebrae