Sport Sphycology Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is a skill in sport?
A learned action or behaviour that can be performed with ease and improved with practice.
What is ability in sport?
An stable, inherited trait that determines an individual’s potential to learn or acquire skills.
What is an open skill?
A skill that is affected by the environment and must be adapted to suit external factors.
What is a closed skill?
A skill performed in a predictable environment, unaffected by external factors.
What is a basic skill?
A simple skill requiring little concentration or decision-making.
What is a complex skill?
A skill requiring high levels of decision-making and coordination.
What is a self-paced skill?
A skill where the performer controls the timing and speed.
What is an externally-paced skill?
A skill where the timing and speed are dictated by external factors.
What is a gross skill?
A skill involving large muscle movements and not much precision.
What is a fine skill?
A skill involving small muscle movements and high precision.
What is a performance goal in sport?
A goal focused on personal performance, not comparison with others.
What is an outcome goal in sport?
A goal that focuses on the end result and involves comparison with others.
Why might beginners avoid outcome goals?
Because they rely on external factors and can be demotivating if not achieved.
What does SMART stand for in goal setting?
Specific, Measurable, Accepted, Realistic, Time-bound.
What are the 4 stages of the basic information processing model?
Input, Decision-making, Output, Feedback.
What is intrinsic feedback?
Feedback from within the performer about how the movement felt.
What is extrinsic feedback?
Feedback from external sources such as a coach or audience.
What is knowledge of performance?
Feedback about the quality of the movement regardless of outcome.
What is knowledge of results?
Feedback about the outcome of the performance (e.g., final score).
What are the four types of guidance in sport?
Visual guidance, Verbal guidance, Manual guidance, Mechanical guidance.
What is visual guidance in sport?
Performer is shown how to complete a skill through demonstration or video. Helps performers visualise the movement. Very useful for beginners.
What is verbal guidance in sport?
Performer is told what to do, often used alongside visual guidance. More effective for experienced athletes who understand terminology. Helps improve technique and decision making.
What is manual guidance in sport?
Coach physically moves or supports the performer. Helps beginners feel the correct movement pattern. Builds confidence and reduces fear. Not commonly used with elite performers.
What is mechanical guidance in sport?
Equipment is used to support or guide movement. Allows safe repetition of skill. Useful in early stages of learning (e.g., using a harness in gymnastics).
