Stages of learning & learning plateaus Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are motor programmes?
A set of movements stored in long term memory that specify the components of a skill
What are the 3 stages of learning?
Cognitive, associative and autonomous
Cognitive stage of learning
The first stage of learning used by a novice, understanding subroutines which are explored by trial and error
What are the characteristics of the cognitive learning stage?
- uncoordinated movement
- many mistakes made
- require guidance for cues to focus on
- attention is on how to perform the skill
Associative stage of learning
The second stage of learning as motor programmes are developing and performance is smoother
What are the characteristics of the associative learning stage?
- smoother movement
- errors become fewer and less gross
- begin to use internal feedback to detect errors
- practice skill in variety of conditions
Autonomous stage of learning
The final stage of learning used by an expert when the movement is detailed and specific
What are the characteristics of the autonomous learning stage?
- movement is automatic, controlled and detailed
- motor programmes fully formed
- confidence increases so less need for feedback
- concentrate on fine details and tactics
What is a learning plateau?
A period of no improvement in practice
What is drive reduction?
Decline in the rate of learning and improvement, causing the performance to deteriorate
What are the causes of learning plateau?
- lack of motivation
- reached ability limit
- poor coaching
- incorrect goal setting (too high/ low)
- physical or mental fatigue
What are the solutions for a learning plateau?
- use more praise and rienforcement
- use varied practice
- alternative coaching methods
- set goals using SMARTER principles
- training more often and intensly
