Transfer of learning

Question 1

What is transfer?

Answer 1

The influence that one skill has on the learning and performance of another

Question 2

What are the 4 transfers of learning?

Answer 2

Positive, negative, zero and bilateral

Question 3

What is positive transfer?

Answer 3

When the learning and performance of a skill helps the athlete learn and perform another skill
Eg/ overarm throw helps a volleyball serve

Question 4

What is negative transfer?

Answer 4

When the learning and performance of a skill hinders the athlete when learning and performing another skill
Eg/ backhand in tennis hinders a backhand in badminton

Question 5

What is zero transfer?

Answer 5

When learning and performance of one skill has no effect on the learning and performance of another skill
Eg/ front crawl has no effect on a penalty in football

Question 6

What is bilateral transfer?

Answer 6

When learning and performance a skill on one side of the body leads to it being performing equally as well as on the opposite side of the body
(The transference of physical performace learned by one side of the body to the opposite side of the body)
Eg/ dribbling in basketball with one hand after learning with the other

Question 7

How can a coach ensure positive transfer?

Answer 7

• point out similarities between two movements
• limit time between performing the two skills so performer can retain the feeling of the movement
• overlearn initial skill
• rewards and reinforcement when positive transfer is experienced
• eliminate bad habits early
• ensure performer is well motivated
• planned progression
• make practice sessions realistic

Question 8

What are the causes of negative transfer?

Answer 8

• conflicting skills are learnt close together
• first skill has not been overlearnt
• performer does not understand that different movement requirements
• a familiar cue requires new response
• practice environment is different to competition environment
• poor coaching