Definition of STI
-sexually transmitted infection that can present without pathology
What is the difference between smallpox versus the greatpox
Greatpox is syshilis
What is the clap
Neisseria gonorrhea
Is infection lifelong for HSV-II and HPV
Yes for HSV-II
No for HPV
Can an STD cause cancer?
Yes, HPV can cause cervical cancer and hepatitis B can cause cancer
Vaccine preventable STIs
HPV 6, 11, 16, 18
What is the number 1 bacterial STI
Chlamydia
What is the number one STI over all
HPV
What is the number one viral STI
HPV
Causative agent of HPV
Human papilloma virus
Symptoms of HPV
- asymptomatic
- warts
- cervical, anal, penile cancer
Causative agent of chlamydia
C. Trachomatis
Symptoms of chlamydia
Variable
- asymptomatic, mild dysuria, mucoid discharge
- watery discharge/painful urination
Related complications of chlamydia
PID in women, leading to fertility
NUMBER ONE cause of infertility in women
HSV I and II causative agent
Herpes simplex virus
What are the symptoms of HSV I and II
Vesicles, painful ulcerations, crusting
- primary infection commonly asymptomatic
- symptomatic cases sometimes severe
- recurrence likely
Complications of HSVI and HSVII
Neonatal transmission, enhanced HIV transmission, psychosocial issues
Causative agent of gonorrhea
Niesseria gonorrhea
Gonorrhea symptoms
Males
- yellow pus from penis
- painful urination
Females
- vaginal discharge/painful urination
- may cause PID
Related complications of gonorrhea
PID in females
Causative agent of syphilis
Treponema pallidum
Symptoms syphilis
Primary
-chancre
Secondary
- rash on whole body
- mucous patches
- constitutional symptoms
Late stage syphilis
- relapse of lesions
- CNS changes
- gumma formation
- cardiovascular disease
Reticulate bodies and elementary bodies in chlamydia
Elementary bodies cannot be seen on a stain because they are too small, but they are the infectious agent
Reticulate bodies are large enough to be seen on a stain and they are clusters of elementary bodies, and the diagnostic agent, but not infectious
What are the chlamydia serotypes that cause urethritis
D-K
What serotypes of chlamydia causes trachoma
A-C
What serotypes of chlamydia causes lymphogranuloma venereum
L
What are the top risk HPV subtypes
16 and 18 for cancer
6 and 11 for warts
Significance of gram negative intracellular diplococci in men. Why not in women?
- GNID in men is Dx of gonorrhea
- women have a natural flora called nisierria lactamica that resembles gonorrhea when cultured
What are the 3 neisseria virulence factors
- Pili
- IgA protease
- capsule (ONLY IN MENINGITITIS)
Causative agents of urethritis
Chlamydia (D-K)
Mycoplasma
Gonorrhea
What are the 3 non-STI vaginal discharges
- trichomoniasis
- candidiasis
- Bacterial vaginosis
Color of trichomoniasis
Yellow green
Color of candidiasis
White
Color of bacterial vaginosis discharge
Gray
Consistency of candidiasis
Curdy
Wet prep trich
Swimming pear
Wet prep of candidiasis
Budding yeast
Wet prep of bacterial vaginosis
Clue cells, speaking cell
Between trich, candida, and bacterial vaginosis which is not an STI
Trich
Pathogen of trich
Trichomonas
Pathogen of candida
Candida
Pathogen of bacterial vaginosis
Garderellla
What bacterial non-STI vaginal issues can be tested with whiff test
Trich
Bacterial vaginosis
Which STIs cause cancer
HPV, HEP B and C
Which STIs are preventable with vaccine
HPV and HepB
Which STIs can be prevented by a condom
Lowers risk of all, but still a risk
Which STIs can be prevented by abstinence
All
What is the most common bacterial STD
Chlamydia trachoma
What is the mot common viral STD
HPV
