Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathophysiology > Structure and function of the skin > Flashcards

Structure and function of the skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is Vitilago?

A

Pigment Disorder Associated with darker skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is the site of immunoglobulin and complement deposition of skin disease?

A

In the basement membrane Zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

People that have albinism physiologically lack what?

A

Tyrosinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

People with Vitiligo lack or have a decrease in ________.

A

melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The _________ is often referred involved in disorders that cause bullae or blister formation

A

the basement membrane zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The dermis has a main job of supporting ________ .

A

Nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dermal Dendrites are involved in what kind of process in the dermis?

A

wound healing, blood clotting, and inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the immune cells within the dermis

A

Fibroblasts
mast cells
macrophages
dermal dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mast cells are strategically located at body interfaces such as the skin and the mucous membranes to interact with antigens. Which type of immunoglobulin hypersensitivity reaction do they have?

A

IGE

Mast cells have a prominent role in immunoglobulin E-Mediated Immediate hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes a keloid to form?

A

Excessive fibroblast activity.

Excessive Collagen formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are dermal dendrites?

A

Immune Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the building blocks of the epidermis?

A

Keritinocytes are the predominate cells of the epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do keritinocytes do?

A

They produce keratin
protect against UV damage
and are important in immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Melanin gets broken down into ______.

A

Melinosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do the cells in the epidermis come from

A

the basal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The basal layer has _______ dividing cells

A

mitotically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how does the subcutaneous collagen help to regulate body temperature

A

by constricting and dilating.

They dilate to let heat dissipate and constrict to conserve heat when cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of immune cells are located in the subcutaneous layer

A

adiopocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is lykenification

A

where the skin gets thicker from scratichingq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Give an example of a vesicle and how big are they?

A

herpes simplex, up to 1.0 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Wheal? Example?

A

a somewhat irregular relatively transient superficial area of skin edema
ex- mosquito bite, hive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name the circumscribed superficial elevations of the skin formed by a fluid filled cavity within the skin layers

A

vesicle, bulla, pustule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a plaque? Example?

A

elevated lesion 1 cm or larger formed by a collection of papules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nodule?

A

marble like lesion larger than .5cm and deeper and firmer than a papule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a papule? Example?
Elevated solid mass up to 1 cm. ex mole
26
What is a patch? Example?
Is a flat spot like a macule but it larger than 1 cm ex vitiligo
27
Describe a macule
small flat spot up to 1 cm like a freckle or petechia
28
What is sebum and where does it come from
a lubricant, sebaceous glands
29
Apocrine glands secrete what?
oil, no odor
30
Keritinocytes produce a fiberous protein called
keratin, is essiential to the protective function of the skin
31
______ is always growing and is made up of keratin
nails
32
Eccrine glands secrete what?
sweat
33
Sebaceous glands secrete ____, which causes acne
sebum
34
______ is not always growing and is made of keratin.
hair
35
langerhans cells are antigen presenting cells in the epidermis. What does that mean
The role that they play in the immune system is to grab the antigen cells and hold them up like a flag to initiate the immune response.
36
What kind of cells provide sensory information
Merkel cells
37
What cells link the epidermis to the immune system
langerhan cells
38
What type of proteins are in the dermis
collagen, Elastin, and reticulum
39
Why does the subcutaneous layer have a lot of fat cells
for fuel reserves
40
name the functions of the subcutaneous layer
support insulation absorbs trauma fuel reserves
41
the subcutaneous layer is also called the
hypodermis
42
Name the dermal appendages
``` nails hair sebaceous glands eccrine glands apocrine glands ```
43
the arterial vessels that nourish the skin are locates in which layer of the skin
subcutaneous
44
the epidermis is composed of four types of cells, name them
keritinocytes, melaninanocytes langerhans cells merkel cells
45
what are melaninocytes (macrophages) and what do they do
make and ship melanin to the keritinocytes | protect against UV rays by absorbing and scattering UV rays
46
What is the dermis made up of
``` dermal dendrites macrophages fibroblasts nerves lymph vessels collagen elastin reticulum hair follicles sebaceous glands ```
47
What gives skin its strength
collagen
48
What percent of your body weight is skin
20
49
________ are different sizes and are what make skin different colors
melinosomes
50
What are keloids
Big ugly scars found more in african americans, asians, and hispanics
51
_________ produces a pigment called melanin which is responsible for skin color, tanning, and protecting against uv rays
Melinocytes
52
Which type of cells within the epidermis are somosensory? meaning they have the synaptic ability associated with light touch, shapes, and textures
merkel cells
53
_____ cells are associated with nerve cells and are part of the epidermis
merkel cells
54
Where is the basement membrane zone located
between the dermis and the epidermis
55
what is albinism
congenital absence of pigment
56
Where do langerhan cells present the antigen to after they grab it
t lymphocytes
57
Is there a cure for albinism and vitiligo?
no
58
Pigmentary skin disorders involve the melanocytes. In some cases there is an absence of melanin production as in
albinism and vitiligo
59
True or False | Rashes are long term?
false
60
95% of the epidermis is made up of
Keritinocytes
61
langerhan cells are involved in delayed type hypersensitivity reations (type 4) What is the examples for this
poison ivy and dermatitis
62
What is pruritis usually related to….as in what usually causes it
the inflammation process
63
what is pruritus?
itching
64
What is a big difference between a vesicle or bulla and a pustule
vesicles and bulla are filled with clear serous fluid and a pustule is filled with pus
65
Give an example of a bulla and how big are they?
second degree burns larger than 1 cm
66
give and example of a pustule
acne and impentigo

Pathophysiology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions