Structure of the brain Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the four regions of the brain (CNS) ?
- Cerebral hemispheres
- Diencephalon
- Brain stem
- Cerebellum
What does the cerebrum include? (5)
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Corpus callosum
What does the frontal lobe do?
Reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
What does the parietal lobe do?
Movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli
What does the occipital lobe do?
Visual processing
What does the temporal lobe do?
Perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
What is does the cerebellum control?
Regulation and coordination of movement, posture, and balance (Balance and motor control)
What does the medulla oblongata control?
Maintains vital body functions (Stuff like heartrate and breathing)
What does the thalamus control?
It is a relay station to the cerebrum
What does the hypothalamus do?
It regulates hormones, blood pressure, and circadian rhythm
What does corpus callosum do?
It connects right and left cerebral hemisphere
What does the pons control?
Motor control and sensory analysis
What does the spinal cord do?
It gathers an relays information
What does the cerebrum control?
The Largest part, two hemispheres (right and left), cognition, thinking, and feeling
What does the pituitary gland do?
It masters the enotocrine gland
What is the limbic system?
The emotional brain
Inside of the cerebrum and contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus
What does the thalamus do?
Includes sensory and motor functions
What does the hypothalamus
do?
Maintains homeostasis, emotion, thirst, hunger, circadian rhythms, control of the autonomic nervous system, and controls the pituitary
What does the amygdala do?
Located in the temporal lobe, it involves memory, emotion, and fear
What does the hippocampus do?
It is important for learning and memory, for converting short term memory to more permanent memory
What is the brain stem, what does it do?
It’s underneath the limbic system, it’s attached to the spinal cord, it’s responsible for basic vital life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure
What are the two layers of the cerebrum?
Grey matter and white matter
What does grey matter include?
It contains the cell bodies and dendrite of nerve cells
What does white matter include?
The material in the brain and spinal cord which contains the axons and myelin sheathes of nerve cells
