study guide Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
heel sticks are done on neonates for what screening?
A
PKU
2
Q
when doing a venipuncture on a child, whom should you explain the procedure to?
A
parents/caregiver & the child
3
Q
what is the deepest length of a lancet for a newborn heel?
A
2.0 mm
4
Q
what test specimen should be protected from light?
A
bilirubin concentration
5
Q
dorsal veins blood collection uses a vein in a patient’s?
A
hand
6
Q
after cleaning the site with antiseptic, what should you do?
A
let air dry
7
Q
what color tube would be best for a bilirubin on an infant?
A
amber
8
Q
what test would be collected in a lavender tube?
A
HGa1c
9
Q
what is the amount of times a phlebotomist can stick a patient?
A
twice
10
Q
what type of antiseptic should the phlebotomist use when collecting a capillary specimen on a patient?
A
70% isopropyl alcohol
11
Q
what pair of blood test is most infected by fasting
A
glucose and triglycerides
12
Q
what is the anticoagulant for hematology?
A
EDTA
13
Q
the phlebotomist is asked to draw a CMP, glucose, A1C, CBC, PT/PTT. what is the correct order of draw?
A
light blue, gold, lavender, grey
14
Q
where is the safe area for a heel stick on an infant?
A
medial or lateral portion of the plantar surface
15
Q
the phlebotomist is using a venipuncture collection method, what is the order of draw?
A
sodium citrate, SST, sodium heparin, EDTA
16
Q
what test specimen would be required to go on ice?
A
ammonia
17
Q
what is a form of consent from a patient?
A
patient offers their arm to the phlebotomist
18
Q
the phlebotomist is drawing blood out of a cephalic vein, where is this vein located?
A
outer edge, thumb side
19
Q
what is the yield of a mint green tube top?
A
plasma
20
Q
what will occur if you squeeze too vigorously during a capillary puncture?
A
hemolysis
21
Q
after drawing a light blue tube top, how many times should it be inverted?
A
3-4 times
22
Q
what is the most critical step in phlebotomy?
A
patient identification
23
Q
what are the minimum requirements when labeling patient specimen?
A
phlebotomist initials
24
Q
what color tube should you draw if you need serum?
A
red
25
what will happen if the tourniquet is left on for too long?
hemoconcentration
26
what type of angle and way does the needle face for a venipuncture draw?
bevel up, 15-30 degree angle
27
what would be tested in a blood culture?
Septicemia (bateria) & fungi
28
what is a hospital acquired infection called?
nosocomial infection
29
what is the most single important way to prevent the spread of infection?
washing your hands frequently
30
a phlebotomist has a requisition form for a 70-year old female patient with diabetes who has had a mastectomy of the left breast. which side should the phlebotomist draw on?
right arm
31
which container should all used needles be disposed in?
sharps container
32
what is not an infection control method? a. handwashing. b. protective clothing. c. biohazard container. d. sphygmomanometer
d. sphygmomanometer
33
a blood bank tube that contains ___ is ____?
a blood bank tube that contains EDTA is PINK
34
lancets are used to collect what types of blood samples?
capillary or skin puncture
35
adult capillary punctures most often involve use of the ____ finger(s)
third and fourth (middle and ring)
36
what is known as the blood clotting process?
hemostasis
37
what test needs to be placed on ice?
ammonia
38
before entering a designated isolation room, phlebotomist should always do what?
check requirements on signs
39
forcing venipuncture on a patient who has refused would be considered what?
battery
40
if a patient has fainted, and the phlebotomist is not attending the patient, it would be considered what?
negligence
41
broken glassware that may be contaminated should be picked up by?
mechanical mean (broom/dustpan)
42
what is basal state?
patient has fasted for 12 hours
43
light blue tops (always filled to top) are used for what?
coagulation
44
name 3 examples of a HIPPA violation
- giving out patients information without their permission
- disposing test tube with patient information in regular trash
- disposing health/medical records in incorrect bins
45
a patient has received their lab results and asks the phlebotomist with help for interpretation, what should the phlebotomist do?
refer the patient to the physician for interpretation of all results
46
a CMP is ordered for an adult whose veins continues to collapse despite drinking water. what needle is the best collection method for this patient?
23 gauge butterfly needles
47
what regulation set the minimum standards for medical laboratory practice and quality?
CLIA
48
what organization makes on-site visits to inspect laboratories?
CLIA
49
what standards are being violated when a phlebotomist fails to use proper hand washing precautions?
OSHA
50
when disposing of hazardous material, the phlebotomist must adhere to the guidelines and standards set forth by who?
OSHA
51
to clean up a blood spill, the phlebotomist must use?
10% bleach solution
52
what of the following is done first when ending a phlebotomy procedure?
remove the tourniquet with one hand
53
a collapsed vein is caused by?
too much vacuum
54
use your index to ___ for a vein
use your index to PALPATE for a vein
55
what is the correct way to collect a blood culture
aerobic (first), anaerobic (second)
56
what test would you NOT use alcohol?
alcohol
57
anticoagulant must be mixed by inversion, how many times?
8-10 times
58
what is a hematoma
bruise
59
what tube will be a short draw when put on first, when drawing with a winged infusion set (butterfly needle)? and why?
light blue tube, you must clear air in butterfly needle with discard tube (red top) because light blue must be filled to top
60
when performing a blood smear, what should a phlebotomist take to ensure a quality result?
- hold slides at 30 degrees to each other when performing the smear
- draw sample using lavender tube
- create a feathered edge
61
a 30 year old male patient has measles and is on airborne precaution, what is required to enter the room?
N95
62
what needle gauge is the most commonly used in phlebotomy?
21g
63
what are the causes of hemolysis?
- alcohol used to clean, not allowed to dry
- finger or heel squeezed to vigorously
- blood scraped off, instead of allowing to flow into microcollection container
64
OSHA requires training and educational info be given to phlebotomists on all but what topic?
preventing identification errors
65
according to standard precautions, blood and body fluid from which groups are considered biohazardous?
- IV drug users
- chemo patients
- patients who are HIV positive
66
under standard precaution, all used needles are to be disposed of how?
discarded intact
67
what color tube should a SST be collected in?
red/tiger top
68
what is the difference between plasma and serum?
plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not
69
what precaution should be used with a patient that has tuberculosis?
airborne precaution
70
the destruction of red blood cells is known as what?
hemolysis
71
a green stoppered evacuated tube contains what kinds of anticoagulant?
sodium heparin
72
the tourniquet should be applied how many inches above the propped venipuncture?
3 to 4 inches
73
if a phlebotomist has questions about disposing of outdated hazardous chemicals, where should they look to find this information?
MSDS
74
what would be considered a hospital acquired infection?
- a patient who contracts MRSA infection from a venipuncture
- urinary tract infection from a catheter
- sepsis from I.V. lines
75
what standards are being violated when a phlebotomist fails to use proper handwashing technique?
OSHA
76
a physician orders a HCG, CMP, type & screen, CBC, D-dimer. what is the correct order of draw?
light blue, gold, mint green, lavender, pink
77
the phlebotomists will be drawing a set of blood culture bottles. the tops of the bottles MUST be cleaned with:
70% isopropyl alcohol
78
a 19 year old patient comes in and offers her arm to the phlebotomist when she comes in with a venipuncture tray. this is an example of
implied consent
79
the phlebotomist has chosen to draw from the vein on a bariatric patient that is located on the outer thumb side of the arm. what is this name of this vein called?
cephalic
80
after blood collection, the phlebotomist labels the patient's specimen, what information does the phlebotomist need to make sure is on the label?
patients numeric ID & phlebotomists initials
81
what piece of equipment is needed, in addition to standard precaution, when seeing a patient who is on airborne precautions?
N95
82
in order for hemostasis to occur, what is needed?
thromocytes
83
when handling a urine specimen that a patient collected, what should the phlebotomist use for protection
face shield
84
what is the medical term for red blood cells (RBC)?
erythrocytes
85
when performing a blood smear, A ___ tube with ____ is used
when performing a blood smear, a LAVENDER tube with EDTA is used
86
what would cause a hemolyzed specimen
excessively shaking the tubes & not allowing antiseptic to dry
87
what is used with collecting a sputum collection
phlegm
88
what additional information is required on the requisition form?
date & time of collection
89
the patient is on a medication called acetaminophen, what panel would this affect?
lipid
90
which of the following needs to be drawn first: ASAP, STAT, fasting, timed.
STAT
91
which laboratory employee has the most education?
pathologist
92
the medical assistant should instruct the patient obtaining a 24 hr urine collection to do what?
discard the first morning sample
93
when a medical assistant is speaking with a patient, making direct eye contact encourages what?
open communication
94
what is the chain of custody?
documentation process that protects evidence from contamination and tampering
95
what test is ordered to confirm hyper or hypoglycemia
OGTT
96
what test would be used for coagulations studies
PT/APTT
97
what needs to be on a requisition form
- ordering physicians info
- patients DOB
- patients first & last name
98
what color top tubes will the phlebotomist need to perform D-dimer, CBC, and CMP
light blue, gold, lavender
99
when performing a 3hr glucose tolerance test, it is a phlebotomist responsibility to verify that the patient has fasted for what amount of required length of time
8-12 hours
100
a phlebotomist should comply with HIPPA for what?
a patients information
101
the thinnest area of a blood smear, where the testing is actually done
feathered edge
102
12 hour fast is required for testing this
triglicerides
103
the use of gloves is mandated by who?
OSHA
104
what is the color tube that contains heparin
green
105
what is the color tube used for CBC's (complete blood count)
lavender
106
reference values are higher for this test in capillary specimens
glucose
107
this is acceptable to drink when fasting for labwork
water
108
what is the specimen from an unclotted tube after being spun in the centrifuge and what does it contain?
the yields plasma and contains an anticoagulant
109
what is the medical term for fainting
syncope
110
the complication of a heel puncture that is too deep
osteomyelitis
111
pink top tubes are primarily used for?
blood bank
112
the sharp pointed device used for finger and heel sticks
lancet
113
tube used for most serum specimens
SST (tiger top/gold)
114
the part of the syringe that shows measurements in cc or ml
barrel
115
the slanted tip of the needle
bevel
116
medical term for heel bone
calcaneus
117
the composition of capillary blood more closely resembles ____ blood
arterial
118
the color tube used for glucose tests
grey
119
to examine by touch or feel for a vein is to?
palpate
120
what is the stopper color for the tube used in coagulation studies
light blue
121
the name of the anticoagulant in a lavender tube top
EDTA
122
____ is an anticoagulant
oxalate
123
the blood automatically fills the tubes because of a premeasured what?
vacuum
