Study Guide Review questions

Question 1

Which of the following are organ systems of the body?

skeletal
Integumentary
Endocrine
Nervous
All of these

Answer 1

All of these

Question 2

Rank the following in order from smallest to largest

organ
organ system
atom
tissue cell

Answer 2

Organ system
organ
tissue
cell
atom

Question 3

Which of the following incorrectly pairs a body system to a basic function?

Digestive system: cleansing blood
Endocrine system: detection of pathogens
Muscular system: control of body openings
Skeletal system: blood formation

Answer 3

Endocrine system: detection of pathogens

Question 4

In what body cavity are kidneys located?

Thoracic
vertebra;
pelvic
abdominal

Answer 4

Abdominal pain

Question 5

Which statement best describes the difference between the visceral and parietal layers of serous membrane?

The parietal layers is directly attached to the organ while the visceral layer lines the body cavity

The visceral layer is found only within the pericardium

The visceral layer is directly attached to the organ while the parietal layer lines the body cavity

The parietal layer is found only within the pericardium

Answer 5

The visceral layer is directly attached to the organ while the parietal layer lines the body cavity

Question 6

Which of the following is a limitation of the scanning electron microscope (SEM)?

It produces 3-D images

Unable to see through an object

Unable to view the plasma membrane

Extremely expensive

Answer 6

Unable to see through an object

Question 7

Plasma membranes are compose of lipid and protein molecules. What are the two main categories of membrane proteins we discussed in class?

Cholesterol and integral

Peripheral and integral

Transmembrane and peripheral

Glycocalyx and enzymes

Answer 7

Peripheral and integral

Question 8

What is an important characteristic of desmosomes?

enables skin to resist mechanical stress

Easy transport of substances for cell communication

Prevents substances from passing between the cells

Answer 8

enables skin to resist mechanical stress

Question 9

Which of the following organelles are correctly paired with their proper function?

Nucleus: genetic control center
Peroxisomes: detoxification
Ribosomes: protein assembly
Lysosomes: Apoptosis
Mitochondria: generates ATP
All of these

Answer 9

All of these

Question 10

All of the following are ways of transport across a cell membrane except:

Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Apoptosis
Filtration
Osmosis

Answer 10

Apoptosis

Question 11

Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of connective tissue?

Small intestines

Tongue

Ear lobe

Palms of hand

Answer 11

Ear lobe

Question 12

The vagina of a young girl is lined with ________. At puberty, the tissue undergoes _______ and changes to _________.

Simple cuboidal epithelium, Metaplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium

Stratified squamous epithelium, Metaplasia, Simple cuboidal epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium, dysplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium, metaplasia, pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 12

Simple cuboidal epithelium, Metaplasia, Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 13

All of the following describe skeletal muscle except

Voluntary control

it is a subtype of connective tissue

it is multinucleated

All of these describe skeletal muscle

Answer 13

it is a subtype of connective tissue

Question 14

Which of the following is not related to nervous tissue?

Neuron
Neurosoma
High regenerative capacity
Axon
Specialized communication

Answer 14

High regenerative capacity

Question 15

Which of the following best defines hypertrophy?

Growth through cell multiplication

Enlargement of preexisting cells

Development of a tumor

Mature tissue changes to another type of mature tissue

Development of a more specialized form

Answer 15

Enlargement of preexisting cells

Question 16

Eccrine and Apocrine glands are a type of cutaneous gland

True or False

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Concerning the two layers of the skin, the _______ is superficial to the _______.

Dermis, epidermis

Dermis, Hypodermis

Epidermis, Dermis

Hypodermis, Dermis

Answer 17

Epidermis, Dermis

Question 18

Most sunburns are considered to be

Common areas of squamous cell carcinoma

A first degree burn

A precursor to melanoma

Damaging to the dermis layer of the skin

Answer 18

A first degree burn

Question 19

Which of the following is correct regarding the stratum lucidum layer?

Lacks organelles

Contains keratinized and dead cells

Where mitosis takes place

Deepest layer

Answer 19

Lacks organelles

Question 20

Hirsutism is the thinning and loss of hair resulted from genetic and hormonal influences

True of False

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Muscle growth within a fully grown adult male bodybuilder is mainly due to hypertrophy

True or False

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What are the small channels osteocytes use to communicate with each other?

Matrix

Nutrient canals

Perforating canals

Trabeculae

Canaliculi

Answer 22

Canaliculi

Question 23

What is uninucleate, mineralizes bone, and secretes collagenous fibers?

Osteogenic cells

Osteoblasts

Interstitial Lamellae

Osteocytes

None of these

Answer 23

Osteoblasts

Question 24

In growing long bone the ______ refers to the part of the ________ that is adjacent to the growth plate and lies between the two epiphyses.

Diaphysis, endosteum

Metaphysis, diaphysis

Endosteum, diaphysis

Medullary cavity, metaplasia

Answer 24

Metaphysis, diaphysis

Question 25

How many paranasal sinuses are present within the paranasal cavity? 4 7 12 8 9 5

Answer 25

8

Question 26

At what point in development does the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate get consumed and leave behind the epiphyseal line? Child hood (6-12) Adolescence/puberty (ages 12-18) adulthood (early 20's) The epiphyseal plate is always present

Answer 26

adulthood (early 20's)

Question 27

Which statement is true? The mandible is part of the neurocranium and is composes of two bones that are fused together The sphenoid bone is unpaired and found in the viscerocranium The palatine bone is paired and found in the neurocranium The parietal is paired and is part of the facial bones None of these

Answer 27

None of these

Question 28

A typical newborn baby has bout _____ bones. As they develop this number _______ 240, is cut in half 206, increases 255, doubles 270, decreases 208, stays the same

Answer 28

270, decreases

Question 29

Which of the following sutures border each parietal bone? coronal lambdoid squamous sagittal all of these

Answer 29

all of these

Question 30

All of the following are true regarding an intervertebral disc except There are 23 discs within the vertebral column The anulus fibrosus is surrounded by the nucleus pulpous A herniated disc is the result of a crack in the anulus fibrosis ALL discs lie between vertebrae and act as shock absorbers All of these are true

Answer 30

The anulus fibrosus is surrounded by the nucleus pulpous

Question 31

Which of the following are common among all of the three types of muscle tissue (cardiac, smooth, skeletal) Involuntary Voluntary High capacity of regeneration Attached to bone None of these

Answer 31

None of these

Question 32

Which one of these molecules are proteins associated with thin myofilaments? Actin Troponin Fibrous Actin Tropomyosin All of these

Answer 32

All of these

Question 33

All of the following properly characterize myoblasts except Fibrous protein strands that carry out the contraction process Organized array of actin and myofilament segment of myofibril from one Z disc to the next None of these

Answer 33

segment of myofibril from one Z disc to the next

Question 34

Which of the following ions is critical for muscle contraction? Ca2+ N3- H+ I

Answer 34

Ca2+

Question 35

An abundance of myoglobin is a characteristic of which type of muscle fiber? Slow oxidative Fast glycolytic both of these Neither of these

Answer 35

Slow oxidative

Question 36

Which is a movement of diarthroses? Dorsiflexion Depression Abduction Inversion All of these

Answer 36

All of these

Question 37

Which of these are not a part of a synovial joint? Hyaline cartilage Articular cartilage Articular capsule Meniscus

Answer 37

Hyaline cartilage

Question 38

Which of these is not a major class of joints? Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Sutures Diarthroses

Answer 38

Sutures

Question 39

What is the immoveable joint that holds the bones of the skull together? Sutures Syndesmosis Gomphosis Symphysis

Answer 39

Sutures

Question 40

What planes can the glenohumeral joint move in? X Y Z All of these

Answer 40

All of these

Question 41

Within a given muscle, what connective tissue is the shallowest? Epimysium Perimysium Endomysium

Answer 41

Epimysium

Question 42

What is the definition of an agonist in the muscular system? The muscle that produces the most force during an action The muscle that opposes the prime mover A muscle that prevents a bone from moving A molecules that provides energy for muscle contration A muscle that may stabilize a joint or modify t=its direction of movement at at the joint

Answer 42

The muscle that produces the most force during an action

Question 43

If a muscle acts on the hand and doesn't originate in the hand, it is considered what kind of muscle? Intrinsic Extrinsic Convergent Synergistic Antagonistic

Answer 43

Extrinsic

Question 44

Why are the attachment points of a muscle no longer referred as an origin or insertion? The moving and nonmoving ends of muscle may change with different actions It was too difficult to memorize them A muscles origin or insertion can vary in different people A muscles origin or insertion changes over a persons lifetime They were too long and therefore eliminated

Answer 44

The moving and nonmoving ends of muscle may change with different actions

Question 45

How does force relate to levers? As force increases, speed or distance increases As force increases, speed decreases and distance decreases As force increases, speed and distance increases

Answer 45

As force increases, speed or distance increases