Summary 8 - Nazi policies towards the Protestant Church Flashcards

1
Q

What was the main Protestant Church in Germany?

A

The main Protestant church was the German Evangelical Church.

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2
Q

How did the Nazis feel that they could use the German Evangelical Church for their own gain?

A

Many Nazis saw the German Evangelic Church as a useful nucleus for a single national church.

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3
Q

Describe the level of support for the Nazis from Protestant areas before 1933?

A

Before 1933, the Nazis had enjoyed considerable support from Protestant areas.

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4
Q

Why did the Nazis enjoy considerable support from Protestant areas?

A

Evangelicals tended to be conservative, nationalistic, co-operative with the State and many shared anti-semitic and anti–communist views.

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5
Q

When did the Nazis start to ‘co-ordinate’ the Evangelical Church into a centralised Reich Church under Nazi control?

A

In 1933

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6
Q

Who was appointed as Reich Bishop?

A

Ludwig Mϋller

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7
Q

What did Ludwig Muller do as Reich Bishop?

A

All elected bodies in the Church were abolished.

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8
Q

When did the Nazis demand that all pastors declare their allegiance to the new regime or be dismissed?

A

In November 1933

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9
Q

How many pastors were dismissed from the Church?

A

18 pastors were dismissed in total.
Some of these were dismissed as they had converted from Judaism.

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10
Q

When did a dissident group emerge and who were they led by?

A

A dissident group emerged in September 1933, they were led by Martin Neimӧller and Dietrich Bonhoeffer.

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11
Q

What did the dissident group that emerged in September 1933 create?

A

They created the Confessional Church.

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12
Q

The dissident group were able to create the Confessional Church as they had the support of how many pastors?

A

5,000

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13
Q

What was the aim of the dissident group?

A

Their aim was to resist State interference and re-establish a theology based on the Bible.

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14
Q

Give evidence which suggests that the Nazis were unsuccessful at ‘co-ordinating’ the Protestant Church?

A

The existence of the Confessional Church is evidence that Nazi policy to ‘co-ordinate’ the Protestant Church failed.

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15
Q

When did the Nazis step up their attempts to repress the Confessional Church?

A

In 1935, the Nazis stepped up the repression of the Confessional Church.

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16
Q

How did the Nazis attempt to reduce the influence of the Confessional Church?

A

The Nazis abolished Church schools in an attempt to reduce their influence.

17
Q

Give evidence which suggests that the Nazis were successful at reducing the influence of the Protestant Church?

A

By 1939, only 5% of the German population were listed as ‘god-believers’.

18
Q

How did the Nazis reduce the influence of the Protestant Church amongst party members?

A

Party members were not allowed to hold any office within Churches.