Superficial Mycoses

Question 1

Give the 2 superficial mycoses classifications

Answer 1

1. Tineas (skin infection) 2. Piedras (hair infection)

Question 2

superficial mycoses affects what layer of the skin?

Answer 2

stratum corneum (outermost layer)

Question 3

Give the 2 types of tineas (skin infection)

Answer 3

1. Tinea versicolor
2. Tinea nigra

Question 4

Give the 2 types of piedras (hair infection)

Answer 4

1. Black piedre
2. White piedra

Question 5

Give 3 other names of tinea versicolor

Answer 5

• Pityriasis versicolor
• Tinea flava
• Liver spot
• Dermatomycosis furfuracea
• Chromophytosis

Question 6

Tinea versicolor’s causative agent

Answer 6

Malassezia furfur

Question 7

grows on stratum corneum & resides lipophilic areas

Answer 7

Malassezia furfur

Question 8

lesions are furfuraceous scales

• *skin:** pale or fawn patches
• *hair:** dandruff

Answer 8

Tinea versicolor

Question 9

3 infection risks of tinea versicolor

Answer 9

• genetic influence
• poor nourishment
• excessive sweating

Question 10

Give 4 treatments for tinea versicolor

Answer 10

• Whitfield’s ointment
• 2.5% selenium sulfide lotion
• Azole family
• Vinegar
• sodium thiosulfate

Question 11

Tinea versicolor’s color in Wood’s lamp

Answer 11

golden yellow to light green fluorescence

Question 12

Tinea versicolor’s KOH & PAS

Answer 12

KOH: round budding yeast cells

PAS: spaghetti and meatball apperance

Question 13

3 oils used for Tinea versiclor’s SDA

Answer 13

• Olive oil
• Peanut oil
• Vegetable oil

Question 14

Tinea nigra palmaris causative agent

Answer 14

Hortaea werneckii

Question 15

Give 2 other names for Hortaea werneckii

Answer 15

• Exophiala werneckii
• Cladosporium werneckii
• Phaeoannellomyces werneckii

Question 16

infection is usually in the palms or in the hands but can also be in the foot, sole, and wrist

Answer 16

Tinea nigra palmaris

Question 17

• usually asymptomatic
• Palms and soles are brown to black macules that are well defined irregular margin

Answer 17

Tinea nigra palmaris

Question 18

Give 4 treatments for Tinea nigra palmaris

Answer 18

• Whitfield’s ointment
• Salicylic acid
• Tincture of iodine
• Azoles

Question 19

Reagent used for Tinea nigra palmaris to reveal septate hyphal elements and budding cells

Answer 19

10-20% KOH

Question 20

Tinea nigra palmaris’ apperance on SDA with antibiotics at 37° C

Answer 20

olive to greenish black

Question 21

Tinea nigra palmaris’ microscopic examination

• young cultures:
• old cultures:
• older hyphal colonies:

Answer 21

• young cultures: budding blastoconidia (olive green)
• old cultures: cluster of blastoconidia (greenish-black)
• older hyphal colonies: annelloconidia (sawtooth appearance)

Question 22

Black piedra’s causative agent

Answer 22

Piedraia hortae

Question 23

Affected areas are scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and pubic hair

Answer 23

Black piedra

Question 24

3 treatments for Black piedra

Answer 24

• 2% selenium sulfide
• Castellani paint
• Amphotericin B lotion

Question 25

Black piedra in KOH resembles?

Answer 25

* multiseptated hypha with ascospores & chlamydospores * resembles arthrospores

Question 26

**True or False** Black piedra is multiseptated hypha with ascospores and chlamydospores in KOH

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Describe the culture of Black piedra

Answer 27

* compact * dark brown-black * conical colonies with short aerial hyphae

Question 28

SDA temperature for Black piedra

Answer 28

25-30° C ## Footnote \*30 days +/ 7 days

Question 29

White piedra causative agent

Answer 29

*Trichosporon beigelii*

Question 30

soft mycelial mat affecting the hair of the scalp *(Microsporum bovidae)*, facial hairs, and pubic region *(Trichosporon inkin)*

Answer 30

White piedra

Question 31

Give 3 treatments for White piedra

Answer 31

* shave or cut hair * ketoconazole * terbinafine * topical salicylic acid

Question 32

hair looks soft, mucilaginous, white-yellowish soft nodules

Answer 32

White piedra

Question 33

**KOH:** dark hyphae with asci \*blastospores & arthrospores adhering to the hair

Answer 33

White piedra

Question 34

SDA has few vegetative hyphae

Answer 34

White piedra

Question 35

**SDA:** smooth, highly-wrinkled or radially folded, yeastlike, cream-colored, with mycelial fringe

Answer 35

White piedra

Question 36

**Microscopic:** presence of collarettes during conidiogenesis

Answer 36

Tinea versicolor

Question 37

specimen of choice for tinea nigra palmaris

Answer 37

skin scrapings from darkly pigmented lesions

Question 38

**True or False** The nodules of black piedra are directly attached to the hair shaft

Answer 38

False ## Footnote \*indirectly attached \*ectothrix