Surg 102--Chapter 15 (B&K) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Surg 102--Chapter 15 (B&K) Deck (24)
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1
Q

aerosol

A

Dispersion of fine mist, droplets, or particulate matter into air.

3
Q

antisepsis

A

Prevention of sepsis by the exclusion, destruction, or inhibition of growth or multiplication of microorganisms from body tissues and fluids.

3
Q

antiseptics

A

Inorganic chemical compounds that combat epsis by inhibiting the growth of microoganisms without necessarily killing them. They are used on skin and tissue to arrest the growth of endogenous microorganisms (resident flora), and they must not destroy tissue.

4
Q

asepsis

A

Absence of microorganisms that cause disease, freedom from infection; exclusion of microorganisms. Not the same as sterile.

6
Q

aseptic technique

A

Methods by which contamination with microorganisms is prevented.

6
Q

barrier

A

Material used to reduce or inhibit the migration or transmission of microorganisms in the environment. Barriers include attire of personnel, drapes over furniture and patients, packaging of supplies, and filters in ventilating system.

7
Q

carrier

A

Person who has potentially pathogenic microoganisms on or in his body and disperses them into the environment without becoming ill from the pathogen.

9
Q

contaminated

A

Soiled or infected by microorganisms.

9
Q

cross-contamination

A

Transmission or microoganisms from patient to patient and from inanimate objects to patients and vice versa.

10
Q

decontamination

A

Cleaning and disinfecting or sterilizing processes carried out to make contaminated items safe to handle.

12
Q

disinfection

A

Chemical or mechanical destruction of most pathogens rendering an object safe to handle.

12
Q

fomite

A

Inanimate object that may be contaminated with infectious organisms and that serves to transmit disease

13
Q

irreducible minimum

A

Microbial burden cannot get any lower. Item is sterile to its highest degree.

15
Q

isolation

A

Special precautions taken to prevent the transmission of microorganisms from specific body areas.

15
Q

pathogenic

A

Producing or capable of producing disease.

16
Q

pathogenic microorganism

A

Microorganisms that cause infectious disease. They can invade healthy tissue through some power of their own or can injure tissue by a toxin they produce.

18
Q

sepsis

A

Severe toxic febrile state resulting from infection with pyogenic microorganisms, with or without associated septicemia.

18
Q

spatial relationships

A

An awareness of sterile, unsterile, clean, and contaminated areas and their proximity to each other. This includes the height of scrubbed team members in relation to each other and the sterile field. The circulating nurse must be aware of closeness to the sterile field and the appropriate means to control environmental contaminants.

19
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Procedures followed to protect personnel from contact with the blood and body fluids of all patients.

20
Q

sterile

A

Free of living microorganisms, including spores.

22
Q

sterile field

A

Area around the site of incision into tissue or site of introduction of an instrument into a body orifice that has been prepared for the use of sterile supplies and equipment. This area includes all furniture covered with sterile drapes and all personnel who are properly attired in sterile garb.

22
Q

sterile technique

A

Methods by which contamination with microorganisms is prevented to maintain sterility throughout the surgical procedure.

23
Q

terminal sterilization and disinfection

A

Procedures carried out for the destruction of pathogens at the end of the surgical procedure in the OR or other areas of patient contact.

24
Q

unsterile

A

Inanimate object that has not been subjected to a sterilization process; the outside wrapping of a package containing a sterile item; a person who has not prepared to enter the sterile field.