Synthesis of Adrenocortical Hormones Flashcards

(28 cards)

1
Q

Aldosterone synthase, an enzyme used in aldosterone synthesis, is activated by

A

Angiotensin II

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2
Q

hormone secreted by the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete adrenocortical hormones

A

Coritcotropin Releasing Hormones

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3
Q

The secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus is (stimulated/inhibited) by cortisol.

A

Inhibited

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4
Q

The middle layer of the adrenal cortex is called and it secretes glucocorticoids.

A

Zona Fasciculata

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5
Q

The zona glomerulosa layer of the adrenal cortex secretes .

A

Mieralocorticoids

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6
Q

In glucocorticoid synthesis, 17-hydroxyprogesterone is converted to 11-deoxycortisol by .

A

21 hydroxylase

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7
Q

The first step in the biosynthesis of adrenocortical hormones is converting cholesterol to pregnenolone by .

A

Cholesterol desmolase

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8
Q

Aldosterone secretion is regulated primarily through extracellular fluid volume changes by the system.

A

RAAS

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9
Q

A low dose of in a healthy person inhibits adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion.

A

Dexamethasone

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10
Q

Increased serum K+ concentration depolarizes adrenal cells and opens channels, which stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone.

A

voltage sensitive calcium channels

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11
Q

Corticotropin-releasing hormone secreted by the acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete adrenocortical hormones.

A

Hypothalamus

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12
Q

Progesterone is converted to 17-hydroxyprogesterone in the synthesis of glucocorticoids or androgens by .

A

17 alpha hydroxylase

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13
Q

Cholesterol desmolase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme used in the biosynthesis of adrenocortical hormones, is activated by .

A

ACTH

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14
Q

The conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I is catalyzed by .

A

Renin

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15
Q

The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is catalyzed by .

A

ACE

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16
Q

In glucocorticoid synthesis, 11-deoxycortisol is converted to cortisol by .

A

11 beta-hydroxylase

17
Q

Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by a(n) (increase/decrease) in extracellular fluid volume.

18
Q

The outermost layer of the adrenal cortex is called and it secretes mineralocorticoids.

A

Zona Glomerulosa

19
Q

Aldosterone secretion increases with (increased/decreased) serum K+ concentration.

20
Q

The zona fasciculata layer of the adrenal cortex secretes .

A

Glucocorticoids

21
Q

Na+ reabsorption in the kidney is stimulated by (hormone) to help restore extracellular fluid volume.

22
Q

the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex.

23
Q

The zona reticularis layer of the adrenal cortex secretes

24
Q

In mineralocorticoid synthesis, corticosterone is converted to aldosterone by .

A

Aldosterone synthase

25
Corticotropin-releasing hormone secreted by the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones.
Adrenocortical
26
The rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of adrenocortical hormones is .
CHOLESTEROL DESMOLASE
27
The innermost layer of the adrenal cortex is called and it secretes androgens.
Zona reticularis
28
Corticotropin-releasing hormone secreted by the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete adrenocortical hormones.
ACTH