Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Semester 2 > Systems Neuroscience: Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Systems Neuroscience: Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

anatomical reference for the part of the brain closest to the forehead

A

Anterior or rostral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anatomical reference for the part of the brain closest to back of head

A

posterior or caudal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anatomical reference for the part of the brain closest to the ground

A

ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a body part has ______________ when there is a mirror image on the right/left side of the opposite side

A

Bilateral symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_____ is the invisible line running up and down the nervous system

A

midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______ is the term for the position of a structure closer to the body’s midline

A

medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ is the term for the position of a structure when it is farther from the body’s midline

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

______ is a term referring to two structures, in relation to one another, on the same side of the body’s midline

A

ipsilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

is a term referring to two structures, in relation to one another, on opposite sides of the body’s midline

A

contralteral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_____ :the plane that splits the brain into equal right and left sections

A

midsagittal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

___: plane of brain that sections parallel to the midsagittal plane; doesn’t split brain equally in half

A

sagittal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

________: the plane of the brain horizontal to the ground

A

horizontal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

__________: the plane of the brain perpendicular to the ground and to the sagittal plane

A

coronal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the structure that houses DNA

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_____: collection of neurons in the CNS

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

_______: a collection of neurons in the PNS

A

ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

______: a bundle of axons in the CNS

A

tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

______: a bundle of axons in the PNS

A

nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

largest part of the brain, split into two hemispheres that receive movements and sensations from the opposite side of the body

A

cerebrum

20
Q

lies behind the cerebrum; primarily controls movement; left side concerned with body’s left side, right side concerned with body’s right side

A

cerebellum

21
Q

relays information from cerebrum to spinal cord and vice versa

A

brain stem

22
Q

encased in bony vertebral column, attached to brainstem; carries from skin joints and muscles to brain and vice versa

A

spinal cord

23
Q

_____ attach to the spinal cord by the dorsal and ventral root

A

spinal nerves

24
Q

_____ root carries signals into the spinal cord

A

dorsal root

25
Q

_____ root carries signals away from the spinal cord

A

ventral root

26
Q

_____ consists of innervate skin, joints, muscles under voluntary control

A

the somatic PNS

27
Q

_____ consists of internal organs, blood vessels and glands under involuntary control

A

the Visceral PNS or the autonomic NS

28
Q

________: “carry to” usually referring to the CNS

A

afferent axons

29
Q

________: “carry from” usually referring to the CNS

A

efferent axons

30
Q

______ arise from the brain stem and innervate the head; 12 pairs; usually contain mix of axons with different functions

A

cranial nerves

31
Q

_____: Three membranes (the dura mater, the arachnoid, and the pia mater) that form a protective covering over the CNS so it does not come in direct contact with overlying bones (skull and vertebral column)

A

the meninges

32
Q

_____: the outermost layer of the meninges; leather like consistency that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

A

the dura mater

33
Q

_______: the middle-most layer of the meninges; resembles a spider web

A

arachnoid membrane

34
Q

_______: innermost layer of meninges; thin membrane adhering closely to brain surface

A

pia mater

35
Q

is there normally space between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane? what about the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater? The pia mater and the brain?

A

Normally:

  • no space between dura mater/ arachnoid
  • subarachnoid space filled with CSF between arachnoid and pia mater
  • very little space between pia mater and brain; it adheres closely to brain
36
Q

what happens if blood vessels going through dura mater rupture

A

blood can collect between dura mater and arachnoid where there is normally no space forming a subdural hematoma which can compress the CNS

37
Q

Does anything happen to the CSF in the subarachnoid space?

A

it is absorbed by blood vessels at the arachnoid villi; this is necessary, if its disrupted brain damage can occur

38
Q

______ is produced by the tissue choroid plexus which is located in the ventricles of the cerebral hemispheres

A

cerebrospinal fluid

39
Q

pathway/ flow of cerebrospinal fluid

A

flows from paired ventricles of cerebrum to the connected central cavities at core of brain stem. CSF exits the ventricular system and enters the subarachnoid space through small openings where cerebellum attaches to the brain stem

40
Q

what is the ventricular system composed of

A

the cerebrospinal fluid-filled spaces in the brain

41
Q

the ______ method of visualizing brain without sectioning it; soak brain in solutions that replaces light absorbing lipids and turns brain transparent while
neurons turn fluorescent

A

CLARITY method

42
Q

generates image of a slice of the brain by taking x-ray around head within plane of cross section

A

computer tomography (CT)

43
Q

__________: more detailed than CT, images of brain in any desired plane; uses electromagnetic info coming from hydrogen atoms in response to a strong magnetic field

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

44
Q

_______: enables visualization of axon bundles by measuring the diffusion of water based on hydrogen atoms in water molecules at discrete time intervals

A

diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)

45
Q

________: detect changes in blood flow and metabolism by detecting injected glucose or radioactive oxygen

A

positron emission tomography (PET)

46
Q

_______: detect changes in blood flow and metabolism but detecting blood oxygen; shows where brain activity occurs

A

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Year 2 Semester 2 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions