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Anatomy > T116 Pelvis and Perineum > Flashcards

T116 Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards

Nerves: a. motor target b. sensory target c. spinal contributions d. course (67 cards)

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1
Q

sacral plexus

A

?

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2
Q

pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

?

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3
Q

sciatic nerve

A

?

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4
Q

pudendal nerve

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor target: skeletal muscles in perineum (external urethral sphincter, anal sphincter, levator ani)
b. sensory target: penis, clitoris, and skin of perineum
c. S2 to S4
d.
1. forms anteriorly to the lower part of the piriformis
2. passes through the greater sciatic foramen
3. around the sacropspinous ligament
4. through the lesser sciatic foramen

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5
Q

superior gluteal

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor target: gluteus mediu, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae
b. none
c. L4-S1
d. 1. leaves pelvic cavity superior to piriformis through greater sciatic foramen

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6
Q

inferior gluteal

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. gluteus maximus
b. sensory: none
c. L5 to S2
d. leave pelvic cavity inferior to piriformis through greater sciatic foramen

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7
Q

nerve to obdurator internus and superior gemellus

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor target; obturator internus and sup. gell.
b. sensnory: none
c. L5-S2
d. leaves through greater sciatic foramen

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8
Q

nerve to quadratus femoris & inferior gellemus

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor: quadratus femoris and inferior gellemus
b. sensory: none
c. L4 to S1
d. 1. leave pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis muscle 2. course to muslces and skin

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9
Q

posterior femoral cutaneous

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor: none
b. sensor; skin on the posterior aspect of the thigh
c. S1, S3
d. 1. leave pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis muscle 2. course to muslces and skin

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10
Q

perorating cutaneous

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor: piriformis muscle
b. sensory: none
c. L5, S1, S2
d. 1. leaves pelvic cavity by penetrating directly through the sacrotuberous ligament 2. courses to skin over the inferior aspect of the buttock

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11
Q

nerve to piriformis

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. piriformis muscle, poserior pelvic wall
b. piriformis muscle
c.
d. S1, S2 sacral plexus and passes directly to its target

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12
Q

nerves to levator ani, coccygeus, and external anal sphincter

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. motor: overlaps with pudendal
b. sensory: cutaneous, between anus/ occyx
c. spinal contributions: S4
d. arise from sacral plexus and passes directly to its target

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13
Q

pelvic splanchnic nerves

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. preganglionic parasympathetic
stimulates erection, modulate mobility in gastrointestinal system distal to the left colic flexure, inhibitory to internal urethral sphincter

b. sensory: visceral afferent from pelvic viscera, pain from cervix, possibly bladder/ proximal urethra
c. S2, S3, sometimes S4
d.

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14
Q

coccygeal plexus

a. motor target
b. sensory target
c. spinal contributions
d. course

A

a. none
b. sensory: cutaneous innervation of perianal skin
c. S4 to Co
d.

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15
Q

ganglion impar

A

wh: a single small ganlion at the union of the two sympathetic trunks in front of the coccyx

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16
Q

sacral splanchnic nerves

A

? connect the sympathetic trunk and inferior hypogastric plexus

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17
Q

hypogastric nerves

A

branches of the superior hypogastric plexus that meet preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from S2 to S4 to form the inferior hypogastric plexus

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18
Q

superior hypogastric plexus

A

whr: anterior to vertebra LV
fibers: sympathetic, parasympathetic, visceral afferent
descent: form hypogastric “nervs”

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19
Q

pelvic plexuses (inferior hypogastric plexuses)

A

whr: inferior around the pelvic wall, medial to major vessels
formation: superior hypogastric plexus + preganlgionic parasympathetic fibers, S2 to S4

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20
Q

rectal plexus

A

a branch of the hypogastric plexus that innervates the rectum

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21
Q

uterovaginal plexus

A

a branch of the hypogastric plexus that innervates the uterus/ vagina

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22
Q

prostatic plexus

A

a branch of the hypogastric plexus that innervates the prostate

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23
Q

vesical plexus

A

?

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24
Q

cavernous nerves

A

inferior hypogastric plexus> prostatic plexus> cavernous nerves

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25
internal iliac artery
posterior trunk a. iliolumbar artery b. lateral sacral artery c. superior gluteal artery anterior trunk a. umbilical artery b. superior vesicular artery c. inferior vesical artery d. vaginal artery e. middle rectal f. obturator artery g. internal pudendal artery h. inferior gluteal artery i. uterine artery
26
suspensory ligament of the ovary carries ?
gonadal vessels, the vaginal and ovarian arteries, both branches of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery
27
median sacral artery
origin: posterior surface of aorta superior to bifurcation (L4) course: inferior down the midline of sacrum/ cocyx branches: last pair of lumbar arteries and anastomose with iliolumbar and lateral sacral arteries
28
iliolumbar artery
origin: internal iliac, posterior trunk course: ascends laterally out of the pelvis branches: lumbar- posterior abdominal wall, poas, quadratus lumborum, cauda equina iliac- iliac fossa, supplies muscle/ bone spinal
29
lateral sacral arteries
origin: internal iliac, posterior trunk course: medially and inferiorly along the posterior pelvic wall branches: pass into anterior sacral foramina and supply related branches
30
superior gluteal artery
origin: internal iliac, posterior trunk course: terminal branch, courses posteriorly, leaves the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis branches: supplies muscles and skin in gluteal region as well as adjacent muscles
31
umbilical artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: travels inferior to the margin of the pelvic inlet branches: superior vesical artery
32
obturator artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: branches:
33
superior vesical artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: courses medially and inferiorly after originating from the umbilical artery branches: superior bladder, ureter, ductus deferens
34
inferior vesicular artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: branches: bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle, prostate, vaginal artery= inferior vesicular
35
vaginal artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: branches: vagina, bladder, rectum
36
middle rectal artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: medially and superiorly to the rectum * ANASTOMOSES with the superior rectal artery, a branch of the INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY branches: supplies the rectum
37
obturator artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: anteriorly along the pelvic wall leaving via the obturator canal branches: adductor region of the thigh
38
internal pudendal artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: branches: MAIN artery of the PERINEUM, supplies erectile tissue
39
inferior gluteal artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: it passes between anterior rami of S1 and S2 and leaves the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen branches: contributes to the blood supply of the gluteal region and anastomoses with vessels around hip
40
uterine artery
origin: internal iliac artery, anterior trunk course: the vessel courses the ureter and passes superiorly to the lateral vaginal fornix branches: major supply of the uterus, enlarges during pregnancy
41
inferior rectal nerve
origin: pudendal nerve course: penetrates through the fascia of the pudendal canal and courses medially across the ischio-anal fossa branches: external anal sphincter and leavtor ani muscles
42
perineal nerve
origin: pudendal nerve course: passes into the urogenital triangle branches: posterior scrotal nerve in men; the posterior labial nerve in women
43
dorsal nerve of penis/ clitoris
origin: pudendal nerve course: enters the deep perineal pouch and exits by passing inferiorly through the perineal membrane branches: sensory o the penis and clitoris, especially the glans in men
44
internal pudendal artery
origin: anterior branch of the internal iliac artery course: branches
45
inferior rectal arteries
origin: internal pudendal arery course: branches: network of vessels that supply the rectum and anal canal ANASTOMOSE with middle and superior rectal arteries from the internal iliac artery and inferior mesenteric artery
46
artery of bulb of penis
origin: internal pudendal artery, terminal part course: branches: suplies the bulbourethral gland, perineal membrane, and corpus spongiosum
47
urethral artery
origin: internal pudendal artery, terminal part course: branches: supplies penile urethra and surrounding eretical tissues to the glans
48
deep artery of penis
origin: internal pudendal artery, terminal part course: branches: crus and corpus cavernosum
49
dorsal artery of penis
origin: internal pudendal artery, terminal part course: branches: supplies glans penis and other superficial tissues, it anastomoses with the deep artery
50
arteries of bulb of vestibule
origin: pudendal artery course: branches: supplies the bulb of the vesitbule and related vagina
51
deep arteries of the clitoris
origin: pudendal artery course: branches: supply the crura and corpus cavernosum
52
dorsal arteries of the clitoris
origin: pudendal artery course: branches: supply surround tissues and glans
53
external pudendal arteries
origin: femoral artery in thigh course: originate in femoral artery and course medially to enter the perineum anteriorly branches: related skin of the penis and scortum or the clitoris and labia majora
54
testicular arteries
origin: abdominal aorta course: inguinal canal branches
55
cremasteric arteries
origin: inferior epigastric branch of external iliac artery course: accompany spermatic chord branches:
56
internal pudendal veins
origin: generally veins follow arteries (the deep vein of the penis/ clitoris is an exception) course: branches: drains into the internal iliac vein
57
internal iliac vein
origin: receives from most of perineum course: branches
58
deep dorsal vein of penis or clitoris
origin: course: drains glans and corpus cavernosum
59
median sacral vein
coalesce to form a single vein that joins the left common iliac vein or junction origin: course: branches
60
ovarian veins
join the inferior vena cava on the right, and on the left they join the left renal vein origin: course: branches
61
which two pelvic veins do not follow the course of the branches of the internal iliac artery?
umbilical artery and iliolumbar (they drain into the internal iliac veins)
62
lymphatics from most pelvic viscera drain into
lymph nodes along the internal iliac and external iliac arteries
63
lymphatics from ovaries and related parts of the uterus and uterine tube drain into
directly into lateral aortic or lumbar nodes
64
lymphatic vessels from the deep parts of the perineum drain into
the internal iliac nodes
65
lymphatic channels from the superficial tissues of the penis or clitoris drain into
superficial inguinal nodes
66
lymphatic channels from the glans penis, the glans clitoris, labia minora, and terminal inferior end of the vagina drain into
deep inguinal nodes and external iliac nodes
67
lymphatics from the testes
drain into the lateral aortic or lumbar nodes

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