T2 L1 Face, temporal & infra temporal fossa

Question 1

What are the key muscles of the face?

Answer 1

Occipitofrontalis 
Orbicularis occuli
Orbicularis oris
Zygomaticus major
Platysma
Buccinator

Question 2

What does the occipitofrontalis do?

Answer 2

Elevates eyebrows

Question 3

What does the orbicularis occuli do?

Answer 3

Closes eyelids

Question 4

What does the orbicularis oris do?

Answer 4

Closes mouth

Question 5

What does the zygomaticus major do?

Answer 5

Elevates labial commisure

Question 6

What does the platsyma muscle do?

Answer 6

Depresses mandible against resistance, tenses facia of neck

Question 7

What does the buccinator muscle do?

Answer 7

Compresses cheek

Question 8

What innervates the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 8

Facial nerve

Question 9

What supplies the cutaneous innervation of the face?

Answer 9

Trigeminal nerve

Question 10

What is the type & exit of cranial nerve VII (facial)

Answer 10

Type: sensory, taste, general motor & visceral motor
Exit: internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen

Question 11

What are the branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 11

Motor - posterior auricular, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal, mandibular, cervical
Parasympathetic branches to pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 12

How is taste supplied by cranial nerve VII?

Answer 12

Via chorda tympani via lingual nerve from anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Question 13

What does the general sensory part of cranial nerve VII supply?

Answer 13

The skin over external auditory meatus

Question 14

What are the 3 salivary glands in the head?

Answer 14

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 15

Describe the path of the parotid duct

Answer 15

Leaves gland at anterior edge & passes through corner of mouth
Turns deep through buccinator
Opens into oral cavity at upper second molar tooth

Question 16

What runs through the parotid gland?

Answer 16

Retromandibular vein
External carotid artery
Facial nerve

Question 17

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 17

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

Question 18

What does the temporalis muscle do?

Answer 18

Elevation of jaw

Retraction of jaw

Question 19

What does the masseter muscle do?

Answer 19

Elevation of jaw

Question 20

What does the medial pterygoid muscle do?

Answer 20

Elevation

Side to side

Question 21

What does the lateral pterygoid muscle do?

Answer 21

Protrusion

Depression

Question 22

What supplies the muscles of mastication?

Answer 22

Motor branch of V3

Question 23

What is the type and exit of cranial nerve V (trigeminal)?

Answer 23

Type: somatic (general sensory) & somatic motor to derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch
Exit: V1 = superior orbital fissure, V2 = foramen rotundum, V3 = foramen ovale

Question 24

What are the 3 divisions of cranial nerve V?

Answer 24

Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

Question 25

What is the type & exit of V1 (ophthalmic) nerve

Answer 25

Type: sensory fibres skin, mucous membranes, conjunctive, front of head & nose Exit: superior orbital fissure

Question 26

What are the branches of the V1 nerve?

Answer 26

Lacrimal Nasociliary Frontal

Question 27

What is the type & exit of V2 (maxillary)?

Answer 27

Type: sensory fibres dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip, teeth Exit: foramen rotundum

Question 28

What is the path of V2?

Answer 28

Enters pterygopalatine fossa, gives off branches to pterygopalatine ganglion through inferior orbital fissure

Question 29

What are the branches of the V2 nerve?

Answer 29

Infraorbital Zygomatiofacial Zygomaticotemporal

Question 30

What is the type & exit of V3 (mandibular)?

Answer 30

Type: mixed sensory, lower face, lip, teeth. Motor to muscles of mastication Exit: foramen ovale

Question 31

What are the branches of the V3 nerve?

Answer 31

Sensory - auriculotemporal, buccal, mental, lingual, inferior alveolar Motor - temporalis, masseter, medial & lateral pterygoids, nerve to mylohyoid Parasympathetic to salivary glands

Question 32

Where is the temporal fossa located?

Answer 32

On the lateral surface of the skull

Question 33

What does the temporal fossa contain?

Answer 33

Temporalis muscle | Branches of V2

Question 34

What does the infratemporal fossa contain?

Answer 34

``` Medial & lateral pterygoids Maxillary artery V3 Branches of facial nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Pterygoid plexus of veins ```

Question 35

What is the arterial supply to the face?

Answer 35

From the external carotid artery

Question 36

What are the key branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 36

Lingual Facial Maxillary Superficial temporal

Question 37

What drains the majority of the face?

Answer 37

The facial vein

Question 38

What does the facial vein drain into?

Answer 38

The internal jugular vein

Question 39

What does the superficial temporal vein drain into?

Answer 39

The external jugular vein