T3C1: definitions

Question 1

Regional organization:

Answer 1

An organization located in a specific region of the world and bringing together several states from that region.

Question 2

Regional integration:

Answer 2

Incorporation of a state within a regional organization.

Question 3

Community-based political system:

Answer 3

A political system built on the cooperation and pooling of sovereignty among member states.

Question 4

Supranational bodies:

Answer 4

Institutions above the national level that make decisions binding for member states (e.g., European Parliament, European Commission).

Question 5

Single market:

Answer 5

A group of states in which free movement of goods, services, capital, and people is guaranteed.

Question 6

Cross-border cooperation:

Answer 6

Cooperation between actors on either side of a border.

Question 7

Interface:

Answer 7

A line connecting two territories of different natures, encouraging interaction.

Question 8

External borders:

Answer 8

Borders separating the European Union from non-member countries.

Question 9

Trade balance:

Answer 9

The difference between a country’s exports and imports.

Question 10

Economic governance:

Answer 10

Economic policy implemented at a given territorial level (e.g., EU-wide or international level).

Question 11

Foreign direct investment (FDI):

Answer 11

Investment made by a company or individual in one country into business interests located in another country.

Question 12

Productivity:

Answer 12

All the resources used to produce something.

Question 13

Network:

Answer 13

Division of a territory or area by systems of lines (e.g., transport, infrastructure).

Question 14

Cluster:

Answer 14

A concentration in a single area of several economic and political activities operating in a network and in synergy.

Question 15

Industrial district:

Answer 15

A concentration, in a given area, of SMEs specializing in a sector based on inherited know-how.

Question 16

Common Security and Defense Policy:

Answer 16

Policy providing the EU with means to intervene in crises.

Question 17

Official development assistance:

Answer 17

All loans and grants provided by developed countries to developing countries.

Question 18

Tax haven:

Answer 18

A territory with reduced or zero taxation and regulation.

Question 19

Sustainable development:

Answer 19

A development model aimed at meeting present needs without compromising those of future generations.

Question 20

Migrants:

Answer 20

People permanently changing their place of residence.

Question 21

Refugees:

Answer 21

People fleeing their country due to a threat.

Question 22

Visegrád Group:

Answer 22

A group consisting of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Poland, known for conservative policies.

Question 23

Europe à la carte:

Answer 23

A model where some EU states adopt all policies and others opt out of certain ones.

Question 24

Eurosceptic parties:

Answer 24

Parties critical of the European Union.

Question 25

Illiberal parties:

Answer 25

Parties questioning individual and collective freedoms

Question 26

Megalopolis:

Answer 26

A large urbanized region concentrating populations and activities.

Question 27

Maritime facade:

Answer 27

A set of ports interfacing a maritime foreland and a land hinterland.

Question 28

Conglomerates:

Answer 28

Groups made up of companies with very different activities.

Question 29

Outermost regions:

Answer 29

Territories belonging to EU states but located far from Europe.

Question 30

Metropolitanization:

Answer 30

The concentration of population and activities within cities with major influence (metropolises).

Question 31

Global Metropolitan Archipelago:

Answer 31

A network of the world’s most globalized and interconnected metropolises.

Question 32

Command functions:

Answer 32

Activities linked to the exercise of economic or political power.