tectonics L7 hazard trends & risks

Question 1

Disaster Trends

Answer 1

number of reported disasters has increased massively from 1900-2007
- number of people reported KILLED from disasters increased 1900-1920 but has since declined — aid more easily accessible
- CRED 1973 — definition of a disaster — more reported
- estimated damage caused has increased massively — development of technology, infrastructure, inflation.

Question 2

RISK equation

Answer 2

RISK = freq. of hazard x level of vulnerability/ ALL OVER /capacity of population to cope

Question 3

What is hazard resilience?

Answer 3

the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb and recover from the effects of a hazard

Question 4

factors that increase the resilience of a place

Answer 4

• positive attitude
• wealth of a nation
• pre-planning
• emergency procedures
• medical services & supplies available
• low doctor patient ratio
• good communications
• integrated infrastructure
• open political regime

Question 5

factors that decrease resilience of a place

Answer 5

• lack of revenue
• large scale rural to urban migration
• an unrealistic perception of the disaster
• unequal trade agreements
• foreign debt repayments
• lack of skills
• rapid population growth
• environmental degradation

Question 6

World Risk Index

Answer 6

square root exposure x vulnerability