Test 1 Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
The femur, ulna, and radius are examples of
A
Long bones
2
Q
The talks and capitate are examples of what?
A
Short bones
3
Q
The scapula and sternum are examples of what?
A
Flat bones
4
Q
The sphenoid bone and the vertebra are examples of what?
A
Irregular bones
5
Q
The patella is an example of what?
A
Sesamoid bone
6
Q
Grow out from the bone
A
Process
7
Q
Openings, holes, grooves for structures
Indent in the bone
A
Cavities
8
Q
rounded prominence that articulates with another bone
A
Condyle
9
Q
a small, flat, smooth surface; serve for attachment to other
structures
A
Facet
10
Q
Prominent, rounded projection @ proximal end
A
Head
11
Q
Prominent, ridgelike, narrow projection
A
Crest
12
Q
a small projection located on or above a condyle
A
Epicondyle
13
Q
ridge less prominent than crest
A
Line
14
Q
a projection from a bone
A
Process
15
Q
Very large projection
A
Trochanter
16
Q
An obvious round, or roughened lump (larger than tubercle)
A
Tuberosity
17
Q
a smaller rounded bump bone
A
Tubercle
18
Q
A cut out area for nerves or vessels
A
Notch
19
Q
a hole completely through the bone
A
Foramen
20
Q
hollow, depression, or flattened surface
A
Fossa
21
Q
very small pit or depression
A
Fovea
22
Q
furrow or groovelike depression on a bone
A
Groove
23
Q
cavity or hollow space within a bone
A
Sinus
24
Q
Closer to the head
A
Superior
25
Farther away from the head
Inferior
26
The front of the body
Anterior
27
The back of the body
Posterior
28
Closer to the middle of the body’s medial line
Medial
29
Farther away from the body’s mid line
Distal
30
Closer to the trunk of the body (only relates to limbs
Proximal
31
Farther away from the trunk of the body (only relates to the limbs)
Distal
32
Cranial is synonymous for
Superior
33
Caudal is synonymous for
Inferior
34
Dorsal is synonymous with
Posterior
35
Ventral is synonymous with
Ventral
36
On back
Supine
37
On stomach
Prone
38
relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs.
Contralateral
39
Anterior side of the cubital fossa (elbow pit)
Antecubital
40
Relating to the back part of the leg (knee pit)
Popliteal
41
Relating to the head
Cephalic
42
* Divides body into left and right halves
* Terms: medial and Lateral
* Actions: Flexion and Extension
* Midsagittal: midline (divides into 2 symmetrical halves)
Sagittal Plane
43
* Divides body into front and back portions
* Terms: anterior and posterior
* Actions: abduction and adduction
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
44
* Divides body into upper and lower portions
* Terms: superior and inferior
* Actions: rotation
Transverse (horizontal) Plane
45
A straight line around which an object rotates
Axis
46
horizontally posterior-anterior… frontal plane (divides ant/post)
Sagittal Axis
47
Horizontally left-right… sagittal plane (divides left/right)
Frontal Axis
48
Vertically inferior-superior transverse plane (divides inferior/superior)
Vertical Axis
49
Bends a joint
Flexion
50
Straightens a joint
Extension
51
Moving away from the mid line
Abduction
52
Moving medially toward the midline
Addiction
53
Combination of flex, ext, abd, add
Circumduction
54
Turning away from midline
External Rotation
55
Turning in towards midline
Internal Rotation
56
Anterior movement “protrude”
Protraction
57
Posterior movement “retreat”
Retraction
58
At 90* of abduction, the arm moves backwards
Horizontal Abduction
59
Point your toes
| Press gas pedal
Plantarflexion
60
Bringing foot towards you
| –Let off the gas pedal
Dorsiflexion
61
Turn in
Inversion
62
Turn out
Eversion
63
Bending the pinky
| towards the ulna
Ulnar Deviation
64
Bending the thumb
| towards the radius
Radial deviation
65
Palm faces upwards
| –Holding a bowl of soup
Supination
66
Jaw down
Depression
67
Jaw up
Elevation
68
Involuntary muscles in organs
Smooth muscle
69
Only in heart
Cardiac muscle
70
Muscles that move voluntarily
Skeletal muscle
71
Run parallel to the length of the muscle
Parallel muscle
72
Shorter fibers that run obliquely to their tendons
Pennate muscle
73
Attach muscle to bone
•Specifically to the periosteum of the bone
•Composed of dense connective tissue shaped into bundles of parallel collagen fibers
•Different shapes
Tendons
74
Connect bones together at a joint
•Strengthen and Stabilize joints
•Made of dense connective tissue (poorly vascularized)
•Fibers have more uneven configuration
Ligament
75
Is for form of dense connective tissue
•Continuous sheet of fibrous membrane located beneath the skin and around muscles
•Superficial and Deep fascia
Fascia
76
Holds an organ or tissue in place
•Transverse thickening of the deep fascia which straps down tendons
•Most are superficial and accessible
Retinaculum
77
Pulse can be found in?
Artery
78
Arteries are ______ than the vein
Deeper
79
* Small, fluid filled sack that reduces friction between 2 structures
* Primarily around joints
* Sometimes between muscles
Bursa
80
1. Ligaments
2. Soft tissues (muscles)
3. Bony architecture of the joint
What limits joint movement
81
Joined by connective tissue fiber & are immovable
| •Subcategories = sutures joint or syndesmosis (ligamentous; slightly moveable)
Fibrous joint
82
Joined by hyaline or fibrocartilage, allows slight movement
| •Subcategories = synchondroses and symphyses
Cartilaginous joint
83
Freely moveable
| •Are diarthroidal
Synovial joints
84
one bone across the surface of another
Gliding movement
85
movements change the angle between bones
Angular movement
86
movement around a bone's long axis
Rotation movement
87
part of the ascending pathway of the brain
Afferent
88
part of the descending pathway of the brain
Efferent
89
Motor units are recruited from smallest to largest
| –Slow-twitch, low-force fibers before fast-twitch, high-force (these muscle types fatigue faster)
Size principle
90
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I.Olfactory
II.Optic
III.Oculomotor
IIII.Trochlear
V.Trigeminal
VI.Abducent
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Cranial nerved
