Test 1 Review Slides

Question 1

What is Music Therapy?

Answer 1

Music Therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program. (AMTA Website, 2005)

Question 2

What is the education and training required to become a Music Therapist?

Answer 2

A Music Therapist has completed one of the following: a BA in Music Therapy, a MA in Music Therapy, or an Equivalency program in Music Therapy. A Music Therapist must also complete 1200 hours of clinical training, including a supervised internship. A Music Therapist must pass the Board Certification Examination in order to hold the title of MT-BC, and must complete recertification every five years via continuing professional education courses or further examinations.

Question 3

What are the Music Therapy Professional Organizations?

Answer 3

AMTA (American Music Therapy Association), WFMT (World Federation of Music Therapy), AMTA (Australian Music Therapy Association), BAMT (British Association for Music Therapy) and many more.

Question 4

What are the four intervention types of Music Therapy?

Answer 4

Receptive, Re-creative, Composition, and Improvisation

Question 5

What are different responses to music?

Question 6

What are the functions of music?

Answer 6

Music as a carrier of information, a reinforcer, a background for learning, a physical structure for learning activity, and a reflection of skills or processes to be learned

Question 7

What is the Music Therapy Process?

Answer 7

RATE - Referral, Assessment, Termination, Evaluation

Question 8

What is the referral process?

Answer 8

Referrals come from a network for Allied Health Professionals, Self, Hospital Staff, Parents, and Educators

Question 9

What is the assessment process?

Answer 9

RIOTI - Review chart, records, and files. Interview client, family, and staff. Observe the individual. Test skills and abilities. Identify strengths and areas of need.

Question 10

What is the termination based on?

Answer 10

Termination can happen when the SU has received the maximum benefits, goals are met, SU is discharged from the facility, or the SU does not benefit from MT.

Question 11

What is the Evaluation process?

Answer 11

Evaluation is the reviewing of data to identify progress toward goals, and adjusting criteria in objectives as necessary.

Question 12

What are goals and objectives in Music Therapy?

Answer 12

Terminology used in describing goals and objectives include: Goal - to increase, improve, decrease, promote Goals are broad umbrella terms that encompass the end result of the music therapy. Objectives - objectives are specific steps or behaviors to practice within a time frame.

Question 13

What are Intellectual Disabilities?

Answer 13

Intellectual Disabilities have three features: challenges with intellectual functioning, challenges with adaptive functioning, and is onset during childhood

Question 14

What are Developmental Disabilities?

Answer 14

Developmental Disabilities are characterized as a disability with no cure, that is present at birth, impacts intellectual functioning due to the impaired growth of the brain, and onsets before age 18

Question 15

What are the diagnosis features of Developmental Disabilities?

Answer 15

Children do not meet developmental milestones at expected times, and there is an impact upon the trajectory of physical, intellectual, and/or emotional development

Question 16

What are Music Therapy interventions to address common areas of need for IDD?

Answer 16

Cognitive and Academic focuses: call and response songs with visual aids to learn concepts, group drumming for math, following directions and attention

Communication: “Old Macdonald” call and response for animal sounds, instrumental circle for nonverbal clues and gestures

Motor: “Hokey pokey” for gross motor skills, drumming for hand grasps

Social: Singing songs to listen to others, jams with designated roles

Emotional: songwriting about strategies, iso principle with music to shift mood

Self-Help/Independence: songs with lyrical directions, mirroring and role modeling

Leisure: songwriting for self-expression, breath support with harmonica

Question 17

What are some special considerations for therapy for IDD?

Answer 17

Considerations include age appropriate songs for peer integration, providing cues, clear instructions and modeling, repetition and adjusting pace to meet them where they are, use schedule and routine for structure, foster ownership and inclusion, increase abilities for functional behavior

Question 18

What are Learning Disabilities? How do they present in school?

Answer 18

Learning disabilities are a neurodevelopment disorder, they are specific to a learning difficulty in one area/domain, there is a recognizable difference between intellectual potential and academic performance, and there is an impact on individuals ability to process information efficiently and accurately. Learning disabilities may present in school as a visible impact on ability to complete work, challenges with reading, writing and math, speaking or understanding language, retaining information, and difficulty with social interactions.

Question 19

What are some MT interventions to address skills of need for individuals with learning disabilities?

Question 20

What are some special considerations of therapy for individuals with learning disabilities?

Answer 20

Create an organized and structured environment, minimize distractions, use a multi sensory approach, focus on strengths and provide reinforcement, use clear directions in small steps, provide time to process information, and role model behavior.