Test 2 Flashcards
(14 cards)
5
You are managing a software development project for a banking product. In one of the team meetings, a debate arises if defects found during Quality control need to undergo change control. Some team members are convinced that all defects should undergo change control, while others are convinced that defects need not undergo change control. Which of the following statements is untrue?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Defects to deliverables need to undergo change control
Defects to deliverables need not undergo change control
Corrective actions need to undergo change control
Preventive actions need to undergo change control
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Defects to deliverables, corrective actions, and preventive actions need to undergo change control. So, all the above statements, except option B, are true.
17Which of the following is part of the Manage Quality process?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Benchmarking
Cost of Quality
Design of experiments
Quality audits
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Quality audits are part of the Manage Quality process.
26
Your team has delivered phase one of a project to the client. Based on client feedback and issues found by the client, you decide to do some introspection to identify root causes so that the subsequent deliverables do not face the same issues. What techniques would you choose to apply?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Perform Quality Audits
Review Activity Network Diagrams
Look up Process decision program charts
Perform Process Analysis
Correct Option:D
Quality Audits - project activities conform to the policies and procedures
Activity Network Diagrams - used for scheduling,
Process decision program charts - used to anticipate intermediate steps
Process Analysis - used to identify a problem and its cause and develop preventive actions
EXPLANATION
Quality Audits are meant to ascertain if the project activities conform to the policies and procedures, so it is not the correct answer. Activity Network diagrams are used for scheduling, while Process decision program charts are used to anticipate intermediate steps. The correct answer is Process Analysis, which is used to identify a problem and its cause and develop preventive actions.
36
Which of the following best describes Vroom’s Expectancy theory?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Employees will put in efforts dependent on expectancy, valence, and instrumentality.
Employee motivation is not achievable
Hygiene factors will ensure that job dissatisfaction does not occur; however, it does not ensure job satisfaction.
People have needs starting with Physiological Needs and ending with self-actualization.
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Vroom’s Expectancy theory is based on the idea that people believe there are relationships between the effort they put in at work, the performance reviews/ratings they are credited for the effort, and the rewards they receive from their effort and performance review ratings. So, people will be motivated if they believe that hard work and effort will lead to good performance reviews and good performance reviews will lead to desired rewards. This theory consists of three key elements: Expectancy (perception of an employee of how much and what amount of effort will lead to a desirable performance rating), Instrumentality (perception or expectation that a good performance rating would translate into a hefty salary hike), and Valence (preference of an employee for a certain reward). Option B is clearly unrelated to this theory, so it is not the correct answer. Option C is related to Herzberg’s Hygiene theory, so it too is not the correct answer. Option D is about Maslow’s Theory of Hierarchical needs, so it’s not the correct answer.
41RISK
As a manager on a project, you have to ensure that the project delivers within the scheduled timelines with minimal rework and customer delight. For some time now, the project work is proceeding smoothly with a CPI and SPI a perfect 1. One of your team members approaches you and indicates the possible need for a long vacation on personal grounds two months from now. You look up the schedule and find that this team member is scheduled to execute activities that are on the critical path, and the team member’s absence in two months’ time would cause a delay in schedule. You decide to take some action and reschedule task allocation to ensure that this team member is not planned to work on any of the critical path activities. What did you just do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Mitigate the risk
Avoid the risk
Transfer the risk
Exploit the risk
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
You have avoided the risk. By interchanging the tasks, you have ensured that the resource who wants to go on a long vacation does not work on critical path activities. There is no question of exploiting the risk as this is not a positive risk. This is not a case of risk mitigation since you have neither created a backup plan nor come up with an alternate strategy.
50
You are responsible for the complete makeover of a shopping mall, which involves civil work and painting. After going through the details, you have come up with the cost estimates. After approval, you have arrived at the cost baseline. Work is now in progress. You and the senior management are happy with the work. Suddenly, you realize that ceiling repair work was not factored in the estimates though it was very much a part of the scope. You decide to make use of Contingency reserves, but your senior manager advises you to make use of the Management reserve. What is the correct action?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Making use of both the Management Reserve and the Contingency Reserve
Making use of Management Reserve
Making use of Contingency Reserve
None of the above
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Management reserve is meant for unknown unknowns and is part of the scope of the project. The question clearly states that the work is in the scope. Contingency reserves are for known unknowns, which is not the case here. The correct answer is Management Reserve.
82Identify the basic quality tools to facilitate, measure, and control quality.
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cause and effect diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Pareto diagrams, Histograms, Control Charts, Sequence Diagrams
Cause and effect diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Histograms, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams
Activity diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Pareto diagrams, Histograms, Control Charts, Sequence Diagrams
Cause and effect diagrams, Monte Carlo analysis, Check sheets, Pareto diagrams, Histograms, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
As per PMBOK Guide - Sixth Edition, Pareto chart is not included as a tool under control quality process.
83You have scheduled regular weekly team meetings with project team members. Things have been going according to plan, and there have been no variances till date with respect to the work performance baselines. A site engineer reports that he had to perform a couple of corrective actions, but they were not logged. As a Project Manager, what should you do?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Reprimand the team member for not documenting the corrective action
Reprimand the team member and ensure the corrective action is taken
Do nothing
Document the corrective actions performed in the historical records
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
All changes, including corrective actions, preventive actions, and defect repair, must undergo change control prior to the change being made. It is also necessary to document the corrective and preventive actions taken in historical data as this can serve as input for subsequent projects. Reprimanding the team member and allowing uncontrolled changes to happen are a recipe for disaster in project management.
112You are handling a project to develop a product for one of your clients.You have decided on Agile methodology for development. You notice that the client is not very involved in the project because they believe that once the order has been placed with you, your team should deliver the product within the time and cost agreed on. What would be the best approach in this scenario?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Take a sign-off at the beginning of the project
Engage product owner and conduct sprint reviews
Wait for the client to give you feedback
Make a decision based on similar projects
Correct Option:B
EXPLANATION
Involving product owner and conducting sprint review at the end of each iteration will provide feedback that can be used for any course correction.
128According to Theory Y style of management, which of the following is a correct assumption?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Employees are inherently lazy and not motivated.
Employees need to be closely supervised, and comprehensive systems of controls must be developed.
Employees are only interested in self-benefits and money.
Employees are trustworthy and are motivated by doing a good job.
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Theory Y has a positive view of employees, and only option D reflects a positive attitude and belief. Options A, B, and C are not correct as they illustrate a negative belief about employees. They indicate lack of trust in an employee, which is not a correct assumption in the Theory Y style of management.
138Which of the following is NOT part of a quality plan?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Benchmarking
Cost of Quality
Mind mapping
Quality audits
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
Quality audits are part of the Manage Quality process.
140Your team has just bagged a big software development project. Considering the complexity of the project, you decide to try and identify the possible risks. You get all relevant stakeholders together and conduct discussions. Together, you come up with a number of risks. However, based on your experience, you still feel that not all the risks have been identified. You decide to set aside some budget for the risks that you have not identified but are sure you will encounter. Where does this budget come from?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Cost Management Plan
Cost Baseline
Contingency Reserves
Management Reserve
Correct Option:D
EXPLANATION
The type of risk here is an unknown risk. For known risks, risk responses can be proactively planned for. For the known risks, where we cannot plan proactively, we set aside a reserve called Contingency Reserves. For unknown risks, we set aside a Management Reserve. Cost management Plan deals with how you will manage costs on your project, and Cost baseline is the baselined cost expected to be expended on the project.
158You are managing a project that is responsible for setting up an alcohol distillery. Your team is in its eighth month of execution. One of the vendors informs you that the delivery of agitators is going to be delayed by a week. You look up the project management plan and the schedule baselines and decide to set up all the reactors first. By moving tasks around based on your analysis, you see that there would be no impact on any of the performance measurement baselines. What should you do next?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Go ahead and execute the rescheduled tasks as there is no impact on any of the baselines
Write up a change request and submit it to change control for approval
Analyze the impact of the change on the triple constraints and then submit a change request
Do nothing as this would cause changes to the baselines
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
In this case, the change is not going to impact any of the baselines. The project manager has the authority to make changes to the project if there is no impact on the baselines. This is one condition where changes can be made without undergoing change control, but note that this is done after ensuring that there is no impact on the baselines.
179Which of the following is NOT a Risk Identification tool or technique?
SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER
Risk Register
Documentation analysis
Brainstorming
Interviewing
Correct Option:A
EXPLANATION
Documentation reviews help identify risks based on the plans and assumptions, so this is a Risk Identification tool. Brainstorming deals with getting together various stakeholders and identifying potential risks. Interviewing experienced project participants, stakeholders, and subject matter experts is also a great way of identifying risks. Risk Register is not a tool; it is the document in which identified risks are documented. The Risk Register is not a Risk Identification tool.
