test 2, caries microbiology part 2

Question 1

What can be done to prevent and control caries?

Answer 1

focus on the environmental control of the microflora by stimulation of non-mutans (high pH) bacteria.

Question 2

are non-MS and actinomyces aciduri and acidogenic?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

is it the genotype or phenotype of these bacteria that can lead to a shift that allows caries?

Answer 3

phenotype

Question 4

are dentinal caries very structured/consistent?

Answer 4

no, under suitable conditions they can arrest and even regress.

Question 5

clinically active dentinal caries appear……

Answer 5

soft and wet

Question 6

arrested or slow dentinal caries appear…..

Answer 6

leathery and hard

Question 7

what are the 2 defense reactions dentin utilizes?

Answer 7

sclerotic and teritiary dentin

Question 8

root caries are more vulerable to mechanical and chemical destruction why?

Answer 8

theres no enamel to protect it

Question 9

whats a major pre-requisite that needs to occur to have root caries?

Answer 9

recession

Question 10

T/F, the consistency is less of an indicator than the color

Answer 10

false, it is more of an indicator

Question 11

T/F, the surface zone of a root caries is hypermineralized which is precipitation from the saliva.

Answer 11

T, below the root caries however there is tubular sclerosis and sclerotic dentin

Question 12

which caries are quicker to penetrate the tissue, root caries or coronal?

Answer 12

root

Question 13

why does plaque stick to cementum easier?

Answer 13

because its rougher than enamel

Question 14

recurrent caries definition

Answer 14

primary caries next to a restoration caused by the biofilm at the margin.

Question 15

what are residual caries?

Answer 15

demineralized and infected tissue left by the dentist during preparation. ( called indirect pulp capping”

Question 16

why are dental caries brown?

Answer 16

1. their exogenous stains absorbed from the mouth
2. pigment is produced from the bacteria
3. Product of a chemical reaction when proteins are broken down with sugars (think of a cut apple)

Question 17

define a diagnosis

Answer 17

identifying a disease from signs and symptoms.

Question 18

what are signs.

Answer 18

the the dr. notices

Question 19

what are symptoms

Answer 19

what the patient notices

Question 20

the carious process occurs in the _____ and the carious lesion occurs on the ___

Answer 20

biofilm, tooth surface

Question 21

why is diagnosing important

Answer 21

1. its the basis for making treatment decisions
2. informing and educating patients.
3. advising healthcare service planners

Question 22

Caries for convenience are graded with D for decay and numbers 1-4 which mean?

Answer 22

1- enamel lesions with intact surface

2. enamel lesions with cavity
3. lesions in dentin
4. lesions in pulp

Question 23

What purpose does the “iceberg of dental caries” serve?

Answer 23

decision making when surgical intervention is needed

Question 24

at which level does the iceberge tell us surgical intervention is needed?

Answer 24

D3 and D4

Question 25

what 3 things are necessary for detecting caries?

Answer 25

good lighting and clean dry teeth, radiographs

Question 26

should you remove the plaque before looking for caries?

Answer 26

no, caries occur within the plaque biofilm so it can help you evaluate the activity of certain lesions

Question 27

active lesions on smooth surfaces usually are covered with plaque close to the gingival margin and have a ____ appearance and feel ____

Answer 27

MATT, rough

Question 28

arrested lesions are usually free of plaque and have a ____ appearance and may have stained porosites from exogenous debris

Answer 28

shiny and lustrous

Question 29

active root caries lesions are usually covered in plaque and are ________ and can be cavitated

Answer 29

soft and leathery

Question 30

arrested root lesions are usually _____ and _____ and located in plaque free zones and can be cavitated also

Answer 30

hard, shiny