test 2 dental caries part 2

Question 1

is dental caries and infectious, preventable disease?

Answer 1

no

Question 2

are all carbohydrates equally cariogenic?

Answer 2

no, complex carbs like potatoes and starches are pretty harmless because they arnt completely digested in the mouth,
simple carbs like low molecular weight sugars are the bad ones and diffuse readily into plaque

Question 3

Sucrose

Answer 3

makes extracellular polysacharides most rapid and is the most cariogenic

Question 4

what does the sugar do to the pH?

Answer 4

causes a rapid drop which helps cause the demineralization

Question 5

how long does it take for the plaque to return to normal?

Answer 5

30-60 min.

Question 6

what did stephen discover in 1943?

Answer 6

once a hole forms, the plaque becomes more efficient at producing acid,
lower pH values are recorded within cavities with active lesions than inactive lesions

Question 7

what 2 things are the best in defending demineralization?

Answer 7

saliva and fluoride

Question 8

why is saliva a good defense?

Answer 8

washes the teeth, has Ca and P, pH buffer, has immunoglobins

Question 9

whats xerostomia?

Answer 9

dry mouth, causes mucosal damage, dysgeusia- altered taste, dysomia- altered sense of smell, dysesthesia- burning or tingling sensation, dysphagia- difficulty swallowing and chewing……….etc

Question 10

what does fluoride do?

Answer 10

reduces decay and decay of enamel by forming fluorapatite.

Question 11

primary careis are…

Answer 11

lesions on unrestored surfaces

Question 12

recurrent of secondary careis are…

Answer 12

lesions developing adjacent to fillings

Question 13

residual caries are….

Answer 13

caries, left in place before a filling is placed ( indirect pulp cap)

Question 14

active carious lesions are..

Answer 14

progressive lesions

Question 15

arrested or inactive lesions are…

Answer 15

careis that have stopped progressing

Question 16

Rampant caries are…

Answer 16

multiple active carious lesions within the same mouth. Involve surfaces that usually are caries free

Question 17

early childhood caries

Answer 17

caries within pediatric patients

Question 18

bottle caries or nursing caries are…

Answer 18

form of rampant caries in infants or young children. Usually caused by sweetened fluids like milk. usually affects maxillary anterior teeth

Question 19

Radiation caries are….

Answer 19

caused by chemotherapy of the head and neck.

Question 20

measuring caries activity

Answer 20

1. prevelence: is the proportion of a population affected by a disease or condition at a particular time
2. incidence: a measure of the rate at which a disease progresses

Question 21

how are prevelence and incidence measured in populations?

Answer 21

DMF index
D- number of decayed teeth with untreated lesions
M- number of missing teeth which have been extracted
F- number of filled teeth

Question 22

recording of epidemiological surveys include caries that have caried into the _____

Answer 22

careis caried into dentin, this under estimates carious activitiy because it exclude enamel caries