test 2, cariology / saliva

Question 1

low secretion rate of saliva leads to:

Answer 1

reduced elimination of bacteria, food retention, poor neurtralization of acids, reduction of remineralization repair, increase in caries

Question 2

hyposalivation

Answer 2

reduction in salivary flow, patients dont really notice

Question 3

xerostomia

Answer 3

50% or more loss of salivary function. Patients notice this one

Question 4

stimulated salivary secretion rate test

Answer 4

Pts chew wax for 5 min and saliva is collected.
normal- 1-2 ml/min
low- below .7ml/min
severe- below .1 ml/min

Question 5

unstimulated salivary secretion rate test

Answer 5

Pt sits in chair for 10 min and saliva is collected
normal- .3-.5ml/min
anything below is abnormal

Question 6

90% of saliva is produced by what 3 glands

Answer 6

parotid, sublingual, submandibular

Question 7

the other 10% is produced by what?

Answer 7

thousands of minor glands

Question 8

most of saliva is produced by stimulated or unstimulated

Answer 8

stimulated, occurs during meal time

Question 9

whats resting saliva?

Answer 9

occurs during the rest of the day when the mouth is bathed in saliva

Question 10

when does secretion peak and virutally stop?

Answer 10

peaks in afternoon, stops during sleep

Question 11

parotid secretion is…

Answer 11

watery and clear

Question 12

minor gland secretions are…..

Answer 12

viscous and ropey

Question 13

sublingual/ submandibular secretions are……

Answer 13

2-3X more viscous than parotid

Question 14

sublingual is actually mostly (mucous/serous)?

Answer 14

mucous

Question 15

submandibular is actually mostly ( mucous/serous)?

Answer 15

serous

Question 16

what 2 main functions does saliva have?

Answer 16

aids in swallowing and digestion,

maintains integrity of teeth, tongue, mucous membranes.

Question 17

how does it maintaing the integrity of teeth, tongue, and mucous membranes?

Answer 17

forms mucoid coating , clears food and debris, regulates pH, remineralization of Ca and P, Antimicrobial/antiviral properties from IgA, Lysozymes, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase.

Question 18

what reduces salivary flow?

Answer 18

radiotherapy, medications, hormonal changes, diabetes, aids, sjogrens syndrome, smoking, calculi in ducts, lupus …………….

Question 19

what are some consequences of xerostomia?

Answer 19

ulcers, mucositis, altered taste, disguesia, disphagia, rampant caries, gingivitis

Question 20

why isnt pilocarpine hydrochloride a good solution?

Answer 20

it increases salivary flow but causes diarrhea, sweating, nausea, slow pulse rate, reduction in blood pressure………

Question 21

Radiation can cause an increase in irreversible cytotoxic damage to glands. This includes what?

Answer 21

xerostomia, alters the oral flora shifting to aciduric and acidogenic bacteria, increase in candida infections, mucositis

Question 22

does radiation alter the composition of enamel?

Answer 22

no, it just favors the bad guys to destroy it.

Question 23

where do radiation caries usually occur?

Answer 23

incisal edge of anteriors, cervical margins

Question 24

when Pts have radiation what kind of daily treatment are they put on to prevent rampant careis?

Answer 24

applications of 1% sodium fluoride gel in custom trays, also daily daily self application of chlorhexidine (this guys stains teeth:()

Question 25

how many times a year should these people see the dentist?

Answer 25

at least 3