Test 3

Question 0

Morning breath is caused by

Answer 0

Accumulation of sulfur-containing waste products from anaerobic bacteria

Question 1

Phylogenetic trees are built using

Answer 1

1: similarities in the physical structure of organisms.
2: similarities in the embryological development of organisms.
3: similarities in the DNA sequences of organisms.

Question 2

The three phenomena that tend to trigger adaptive radiations are

Answer 2

Mass extinctions, colonisation events, and evolutionary innovations

Question 3

How do sponges feed

Answer 3

Materials they filter from the water

Question 4

Tree of life

Answer 4

Monophyletic

Question 5

Selection for a behaviour that lowers an individual’s own chances of survival or reproduction, but raises those of a relative.

Answer 5

Kin selection

Question 6

Urey and Miller fucked up and made

Answer 6

Amino acids

Question 7

The most primitive group of animals, lacking tissues and organs are

Answer 7

Sponges

Question 8

Type of arthropod that is not really land dwelling

Answer 8

Crustaceans

Question 9

Fungi benefit the plant how

Answer 9

1: increasing the ability of the roots to absorb phosphorus.
2: increase the ability of the root to absorb nitrogen.
3: helping the plant grow faster and larger.

Question 10

A plant that has flowers with no petals is most likely to be pollenated how

Answer 10

The wind

Question 11

What is the one most obvious difference between the gymnosperms and angiosperms

Answer 11

The gymnosperms don’t form flowers while the angiosperms do

Question 12

What kind of molecule was thought to be the first genetic material

Answer 12

RNA

Question 13

90% of birds appear to be

Answer 13

Monogamous

Question 14

Bright colours in male birds is for

Answer 14

Sexual selection

Question 15

Which type of adaptation is most likely to occur over evolutionary time

Answer 15

One that causes the individuals in a population to more efficiently reproduce in the environment in which they live

Question 16

Much of what is known about the history of the origin of life came from

Answer 16

The study of fossils

Question 17

Usually animals don’t communicate how

Answer 17

Increased heart beat and metabolic rate

Question 18

Star fish are symmetrical

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Different organisms with an identical specific epithet, such as drosophila melanogaster and thamnophis melanogaster, are related to each other at the level of

Answer 19

No particular relationship is implied by the fact that two organisms have identical specific epithets

Question 20

Dispersal of fungi spores is done by

Answer 20

Wind

Question 21

The energy that a parent puts into the growth, feeding, and care of offspring is called

Answer 21

Reproductive investment

Question 22

Bacteria and archaea are the two domains whose members are

Answer 22

Prokaryotic

Question 23

The two individuals pictured above are members of different species because(dog and pig)

Answer 23

Of prezygotic barriers to their ability to breed

Question 24

Archaeans can be found in which of the following environments

Answer 24

Hot springs, bottom of ocean and very salty ponds

Question 25

Interbreeding sea gulls are

Answer 25

Ring species

Question 26

All mammals have hair because they inherited the trait from a common ancestor. This is called

Answer 26

Homologous features

Question 27

Speciation

Answer 27

New species

Question 28

Extinction

Answer 28

Takes species away

Question 29

List the ranks from most to least inclusive

Answer 29

Phylum,class,family, genus, species

Question 30

The taxonomic rank that includes genera but not orders is

Answer 30

Family

Question 31

The evolutionary history of groups of organisms is known as

Answer 31

Phylogeny

Question 32

The biological species concept

Answer 32

Defines a species as any group of actually or potentially interbreeding species that produce viable offspring

Question 33

Selected taxonomic categories in proper hierarchical order

Answer 33

Phylum, class, family, genus

Question 34

At the time life first evolved on earth

Answer 34

There was less oxygen and more methane in the atmosphere than there is today

Question 35

Archaea and bacteria diverged

Answer 35

Before archaea and eukarya diverged

Question 36

Life arose from none life

Answer 36

4 billion

Question 37

Which of the following taxonomic ranks is least inclusive

Answer 37

Species

Question 38

Hominid as is the name of a

Answer 38

Family

Question 39

Horses and donkeys breed by

Answer 39

Sterility

Question 40

Birds have scaly feet and lay amniotic eggs.

Answer 40

Proves birds evolved from reptiles

Question 41

Which animal phylum lacks true tissues

Answer 41

Porifera(sponges)

Question 42

Which Arthropods are not primarily land dwelling

Answer 42

Crustaceans

Question 43

The important characteristic of chordates, such as a notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve cord are found in tunicates

Answer 43

In their larval stage only

Question 44

Which type of skeleton contains the carbohydrate called chitin

Answer 44

Exoskeleton of insects, crabs, and lobsters

Question 45

In cnidarians, cnidocytes are primarily used for

Answer 45

Prey capture and defense

Question 46

The phrase double fertilization in angiosperms is best described by which of the choices below

Answer 46

Each pollen grain contains two sperm cells and one leads to the fertilization that produces the embryo and the other leads to the fertilization that produces the endosperm

Question 47

The female parts of a flower are

Answer 47

Stigma, style, ovary, and ovule

Question 48

Fungal hyphae form an interwoven mass called

Answer 48

A mycelium

Question 49

What is the most diverse group of plants

Answer 49

Angiosperms

Question 50

Because the first animals were heterotrophs they depended on which of the following for their energy

Answer 50

Plants

Question 51

The dry waxy layer that covers the leaves and stems of plants is known as the

Answer 51

Cuticle

Question 52

Behavior that involves giving up something of relativity low value in exchange for getting something of great value in the future is best described as

Answer 52

Reciprocal altruism

Question 53

How did homo differ from the earlier species gene

Answer 53

A larger brain

Question 54

Leeches are in the phylum

Answer 54

Annelida

Question 55

Plants with the diploid stages smaller than and dependent upon the haploid stage are called

Answer 55

Bryophytes

Question 56

The difference between microevolution and macroevolution is that

Answer 56

The time scale is different

Question 57

At the life first appeared on earth, the atmosphere contained large amounts of nitrogen, methane, ammonia, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and

Answer 57

Carbon dioxide

Question 58

An air environment, Gravity and desiccation are three challenges that were addressed in the evolution of reptiles. What three evolutionary innovations addressed these challenges

Answer 58

Lungs, better limb support, and amniotic egg

Question 59

What distinguishes a protostome from a deuterostome

Answer 59

Sequence or order of gut development

Question 60

The pollen producing structure in an angiosperm flower is called the

Answer 60

Anther

Question 61

Song and bright colors make male birds conspicuous to predators. The large, gaudy tail of the peacock may be a hindrance in activities such as feeding and flight. Yet these features evolved because of

Answer 61

Sexual selection

Question 62

Which species concept is based on the degree of reproductive isolation between populations of species

Answer 62

Biological species concept

Question 63

All Arthropods have

Answer 63

A chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages

Question 64

Sponges of the phylum Porifera are sessile, meaning that they

Answer 64

Live attached to a solid structure and do not move around

Question 65

In bending ground squirrels, why are females much more likely than males to engage in altruistic behavior by sounding alarm calls

Answer 65

Females tend to remain in the area in which they were born, so the females that call are warning their own kin

Question 66

Each collar cell of a sponge has

Answer 66

A long whip like flagellum

Question 67

In cnidarians, cnidocytes are primarily used for

Answer 67

Prey capture and defense

Question 68

Name an example of a echinoderm

Answer 68

Sand dollar

Question 69

The oldest prokaryotic fossil have been dated

Answer 69

3.5 billion years ago

Question 70

Which of the modern gymnosperms is the most abundant

Answer 70

The conifers

Question 71

Angiosperms and gymnosperms differ from each other in that

Answer 71

Angiosperms tend to rely on animal pollinators while gymnosperms tend to rely on wind pollination

Question 72

In human societies

Answer 72

The average number of children is the same for males and females, but males tend to have a greater variance

Question 73

The sum of an individual's indirect and direct fitness is called

Answer 73

Inclusive fitness

Question 74

Which of the following is true of all animals

Answer 74

They are capable of movement at some stage of their life cycle

Question 75

Why do human taste preferences exist

Answer 75

Human feeding choices influence energy intake and consequently fitness

Question 76

When the sexes of a species differ in size or appearance, it is called

Answer 76

Sexual dimorphism

Question 77

In a polygymous mating system

Answer 77

Multiple females tend to mate with the same male

Question 78

Polygyny is often positively correlated with

Answer 78

Sexual dimorphism and variation in male reproductive success

Question 79

Prokaryotes are classified into how many domains

Answer 79

2

Question 80

Isolating mechanisms include hybrid mortality and hybrid infertility

Answer 80

Postzygotic

Question 81

Which of the following accurately States the goal of biological classification

Answer 81

The grouping of organisms into categories that reflects their evolutionary history

Question 82

A group of birds fly off the mainland and end up on a distant set of islands. Once there, they find a large number of opportunities for diversification and adaptation

Answer 82

Colonisation event

Question 83

The plural of genus is

Answer 83

Genera

Question 84

What molecule was not present during the pre-biotic environment

Answer 84

Triethylene glycol

Question 85

The current mass extinction is believed to be primarily caused by

Answer 85

Human actions

Question 86

The pace of evolution in which there is little change for long periods of time interrupted by short periods with major changes

Answer 86

Punctuated equilibrium

Question 87

The dark dots along the trunk of evolutionary trees represent both common ancestors and

Answer 87

Speciation events and nodes

Question 88

The idea that evolutionary change is slow and continuous is best described as

Answer 88

Gradual changes

Question 89

Shallow rooted plants are found

Answer 89

In cold and windy environment

Question 90

What is the most diverse plant group

Answer 90

Angiosperms

Question 91

Pollen producing structure in an angiosperm flower

Answer 91

Anther