test 3 chapter 8 Flashcards
(20 cards)
social facilitation
- original meaning the tendency of people to preform simple or well learned tasks better when others are present
- current meaning the strengthening of dominant responses in the presents of others
group
2 or more people who, for longer than a few moments, interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as “us” - acting on us at all times -
evaluation apprehension
concern for how others are evaluating us - strengthens social arousal - concerned about audience
team
has a common goal - more structure -more regulations -must interact with each other
Zajonc
believed that the mere presence of others produces some arousal even without evaluation apprehension or arousing distraction
social loafing
the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal then when they are individuality accountable - decreased evaluation apprehension in groups
free riders
people who benefit from the grope but give little effort
benefit from group put give little in return
free rider effect
group out put decreases
group goals
keeping track of who does what
evaluation apprehension
concern for how other are evaluating us
deindividuation
loss of self awareness and the evaluation apprehension occurs in group situations that foster responsiveness to group norms good or bad
group polarization
group produced enhancement of members preexisting tendencies a strengthening of the members average tendency not a split with in the group
pluralistic ignorance
a false impression of what most other people are thinking or feeling or how they are responding
group think
the mode of thinking that persons engage in when concurrence-seeking becomes so dominant in a cohesive in-group that it tends to override realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action
mind-guards
some members protect the group from information that would call into question the effectiveness or morality of its decisions
social leadership
leadership that builds teamwork mediates conflict and offers support
task leadership
leadership that organizes work sets standards and focuses on goals
transactive memory
everybody has a specific decision to make, clearly defined roles
normative influences
compare ourselves to others wanting to be part of the group do I belong to this group
group polarization
drags itself as a unit to one extreme risky shift average decision of group will be more extreme
