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Bancroft: AP1 > Test #8 - Class 14: Muscles 41-47; Class #15: Muscles 48-54 > Flashcards

Test #8 - Class 14: Muscles 41-47; Class #15: Muscles 48-54 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many muscles of the Pelvic Bowl?

A

2 muscles

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2
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the Pelvic Bowl:

A
  1. Iliacus; and 2. Psoas Major
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3
Q

Pelvic Bowl: Iliacus*

A

GL: Pelvic Bowl, Deep

O: Iliac crest and Iliac fossa of the Ilium

I: Lesser trochanter of the Femur via the tendon of Psoas Major

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4
Q

Pelvic Bowl: Psoas Major*

A

GL: Abdominal/Pelvic Cavity, Deep

O: Bodies, discs and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae

I: Lesser trochanter of the Femur

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5
Q

What is important about the insertion of the Pelvic Bowl muscles?

A

They share a common tendon insertion and together commonly known as Iliopsoas.

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6
Q

How many muscle compartments of the leg?

A

3 compartments

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7
Q

What are the 3 muscle compartments of the leg?

A
  1. Anterior; 2. Lateral; and 3. Posterior
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8
Q

How many muscle layers in the Anterior Compartment of the leg?

A

2 layers

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9
Q

What are the 2 muscle layers of the Anterior Compartment of the leg?

A
  1. Deep; and 2. Superficial
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10
Q

How many muscles in the Deep layer of the Anterior Compartment of the leg?

A

1 muscle

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11
Q

What is the 1 deep layer muscle of the Anterior Compartment of the leg?

A
  1. Extensor Hallucis Longus
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12
Q

Deep layer of the Anterior Compartment of the leg: Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

GL: ANTERIOR, LEG, DEEP

O: Fibula and Interosseous membrane (middle and anterior surfaces)

I: Distal Phalanx of the Hallux

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13
Q

How many muscles in the Superficial layer of the Anterior Compartment of the leg?

A

2 muscles

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14
Q

What are the 2 Superficial layer muscles of the Ant. Comp. of the leg?

A
  1. Extensor Digitorum Longus; and 2. Tibialis Anterior
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15
Q

Superficial layer muscles of the Ant. Comp. of the leg: Extensor Digitorum Longus*

A

GL: Anterior, Leg, Superficial

O: Lateral condyle of the Tibia, Fibula and Interosseous membrane

I: Middle and distal Phalanges of the lateral 4 digits (toes)

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16
Q

Superficial layer muscles of the Ant. Comp. of the leg: Tibialis Anterior*

A

GL: Anterior, Leg, Superficial

O: Lateral condyle and proximal 1/2 of the Tibia

I: Medial Cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal

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17
Q

How many total muscles in the Anterior Compartment of the leg?

A

3 muscles

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18
Q

What are the 3 muscles that make up the Ant. Comp. of the leg (order of lateral to medial tendons)?

A
  1. Extensor Digitorum Longus; 2. Extensor Hallucis Longus; and 3. Tibialis Anterior
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19
Q

How many muscle layers in the Lateral Compartment of the leg?

A

2 layers

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20
Q

What are the 2 muscle layers of the Lateral Compartment of the leg?

A
  1. Deep; and 2. Superficial
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21
Q

How many muscles in the Deep layer of the Lateral Compartment of the leg?

A

1 muscle

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22
Q

What is the 1 deep layer muscle of the Lateral Compartment of the leg?

A
  1. Fibularis Brevis (previously known as Peroneus Brevis)
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23
Q

Deep layer of the Lateral Compartment of the leg: Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis*

A

GL: Lateral, Leg, Deep

O: Distal 2/3 of the Fibula

I: Base of the 5th metatarsal

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24
Q

How many muscles in the Superficial layer of the Lateral Compartment of the leg?

A

1 muscle

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25
What is the 1 superficial layer muscle of the Lateral Compartment of the leg?
1. Fibularis Longus (previously known as Peroneus Longus)
26
Superficial layer of the Lateral Compartment of the leg: Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus*
GL: Lateral, Leg, Superficial O: Head and proximal 2/3 of the Fibula I: Base of the 1st metatarsal and Medial cuneiform
27
How many muscle layers in the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
3 layers
28
What are the 3 muscle layers of the Lateral Compartment of the leg?
1. Deep; 2. Intermediate; and 3. Superficial
29
How many muscles in the Deep layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
4 muscles
30
What are the 4 deep layer muscle of the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
1. Tibialis Posterior; 2. Flexor Hallucis Longus; 3. Flexor Digitorum Longus; and 4. Popliteus
31
Deep layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Tibialis Posterior*
GL: Posterior, Leg, Deep O: Interosseous membrane, Tibia and Fibula I: Navicular, all 3 Cuneiforms, Cuboid, and Bases of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals
32
Deep layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Flexor Hallucis Longus
GL: POSTERIOR, LEG, DEEP O: Distal 2/3 of the Fibula and Interosseous membrane I: Base of the distal Phalanx on the Hallux
33
Deep layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Flexor Digitorum Longus
GL: POSTERIOR, LEG, DEEP O: Tibia I: Bases of the distal Phalanges of the lateral 4 digits (toes)
34
Deep layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Popliteus
GL: POSTERIOR, LEG, DEEP O: Lateral epicondyle of the Femur I: Proximal, medial Tibia
35
What mnemonic refers to the arrangement of tendons posterior to the medial malleolus?
Tom, Dick and Harry T: (T)ibialis Posterior D: Flexor (D)igitorum Longus H: Flexor (H)allucis Longus
36
What runs through the tarsal tunnel alongside Tom, Dick and Harry?
Tibial branch of the sciatic nerve
37
How many muscles in the Intermediate layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
2 muscles
38
What are the 2 intermediate layer muscle of the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
1. Soleus; and 2. Plantaris
39
Intermediate layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Soleus*
GL: Posterior, Leg, Intermediate O: Head of the Fibula, Fibula, Soleal line and posterior surface of the Tibia I: Calcaneus via the Calcaneal tendon
40
Intermediate layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Plantaris
GL: POSTERIOR, LEG, INTERMEDIATE O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the Femur I: Medial surface of the Calcaneal tendon
41
What nickname has been given to Plantaris?
"Freshman nerve" because this muscle is often confused for a nerve by first year cadaver students.
42
How many muscles in the superficial layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
1 muscle
43
What is the 1 superficial layer muscle of the Posterior Compartment of the leg?
1. Gastrocnemius
44
Superficial layer of the Posterior Compartment of the leg: Gastrocnemius*
GL: Posterior, Leg, Superficial O: 1) Lateral head: Lateral condyle of the Femur; 2) Medial head: Medial condyle of the Femur I: Calcaneus via the Calcaneal tendon
45
Posterior Arm: Triceps Brachii*
GL: Posterior, Arm, Superficial O: 1) Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the Scapula; 2) Lateral head: Posterior, proximal half of the Humerus; 3) Medial head: Posterior, distal half of the Humerus I: Olecranon process of the Ulna
46
Anterior Arm: Biceps Brachii*
GL: Anterior, Arm, Superficial O: 1) Short head: Coracoid process of the Scapula; 2) Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of the Scapula I: Radial tuberosity and Aponeurosis of the Biceps Brachii to proximal Ulna
47
Lateral Shoulder: Deltoid*
GL: Lateral, Shoulder, Superficial O: 1) Anterior: Lateral 1/3 of the Clavicle; 2) Middle: Acromion; 3) Posterior: Spine of the Scapula I: Deltoid tuberosity of the Humerus
48
Deep Lateral Rotators of the Hip: Piriformis*
GL: Posterior, Buttocks, Deep O: Anterior surface of the Sacrum I: Greater trochanter of the Femur
49
Posterior Buttocks: Gluteus Maximus*
GL: Posterior, Buttocks, Superficial O: Ilium, Iliac crest, Sacrum and Coccyx I: Iliotibial Band (IT Band) to Lateral condyle of the Tibia and Gluteal tuberosity of the Femur
50
Posterior Buttocks: Gluteus Medius*
GL: Posterior/Lateral, Buttocks, Superficial O: Exterior surface of the Ilium (between iliac crest and superior gluteal lines) I: Greater trochanter of the Femur (posterior border)
51
Knee Joint: Bones
Distal femur + proximal tibia + patella
52
Knee Joint: Movements Possible
Flexion/Extension
53
Knee Joint: Proper Terms
Leg at knee
54
How many major ligaments of the knee joint?
5 major ligaments + 2 menisci
55
What are the 5 major ligaments and 2 menisci of the knee joint?
1. Medial Meniscus; 2. Lateral Meniscus; 3. Tibial (or Medial) Collateral Ligament (MCL); 4. Fibular (or Lateral) Collateral Ligament (LCL); 5. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL); 6. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL); and 7. Patellar Ligament.
56
Major Menisci: Medial Meniscus
Lies between the medial femoral and tibial condyles.
57
Major Menisci: Lateral Meniscus
Lies between the lateral femoral and tibial condyles.
58
Major Ligament: Medial (or Tibial) Collateral Ligament
The MCL runs from the medial epicondyle of femur to the medial condyle of the tibia
59
Major Ligament: Lateral (or Fibular) Collateral Ligament
The LCL runs from the lateral epicondyle of femur to the head of the fibula.
60
What prevents rotation of the tibia against the femur?
The Medial (or Tibial) Collateral Ligament (MCL) + Lateral (or Fibular) Collateral Ligament (LCL)
61
Major Ligament: Anterior Cruciate Ligament
The ACL forms an "X" inside the knee joint.
62
Major Ligament: Posterior Cruciate Ligament
The PCL forms an "X" inside the knee joint.
63
What prevents displacement of the tibia (forward or backward) against the femur?
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ALC) + Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
64
Major Ligament: Patellar Ligament
Runs from the patella to the tibial tuberosity. Distal attachment for quadriceps.
65
Knee Joint: Type(s) of Joint
Hinge (femur + tibia) | Plane or Gliding (patella)
66
What is the name of the ligaments in the knee that resemble an "X" pattern?
Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments (ACL & PCL)
67
What is the function of a meniscus?
It helps oddly shaped bones to fit together more snugly and provides shock absorbency.
68
Name the two ligaments on either side of the knee.
Medial (tibial) and lateral (fibular) collateral ligaments (MCL and LCL)
69
Name the muscles in the lateral compartments.
1. Fibularis Longus; and 2. Fibularis Brevis
70
How many muscles are there in the anterior compartment?
3 muscles
71
Name the intermediate muscles of the posterior compartments.
1. Soleus; and 2. Plantaris
72
Name the muscle of the anterior compartment whose tendon is the most medial across the anterior ankle?
Tibialis Anterior
73
Two muscles form a "stirrup" along the plantar/medial side of the foot:
1. Tibialis Anterior; and 2. Fibularis Longus
74
Which muscles in the posterior compartment crosses more than one joint?
1. Plantaris; and 2. Gastrocnemius
75
What is the insertion of Tibialis Posterior?
1. Navicular; 2-4. All 3 Cuneiforms; 5. Cuboid; 6-8. 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals
76
In which compartment and layer is the Popliteus muscle?
Deep layer of the Posterior Compartment of the Leg
77
The muscle which inserts at the base of the 5th metatarsal is?
Fibularis Brevis

Bancroft: AP1 (10 decks)

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